Romans
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Romans 10
Romans 10
1Brethren, my heart’s desire and my supplication to God is for them, that they may be saved.
1Brethren, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved.
Commentary · verse 1
2For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.
2For I bear them record that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge.
Commentary · verse 2
Paul stated the Jews had the right attitude/emotion, but it was not based on the correct factual information. Remember, Paul's critical cause in Romans 1:21 was that people did not recognize the value within God, in other words, they did not glorify God. Not having the correct factual information would affect a person's ability to think well of God as a result of recognizing His intrinsic value (glory).
3For being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God.
3For they being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God.
Commentary · verse 3
The Jews did not know about God's Righteousness by grace, so they focused on righteousness in their own strength.
4For Christ is the end of the law unto righteousness to every one that believeth.
4For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth.
Commentary · verse 4
Paul's premise: Jesus Christ was the ultimate effect of the Law. Everyone who followed the Law correctly ought to have accepted Jesus as the Messiah.
5For Moses writeth that the man that doeth the righteousness which is of the law shall live thereby.
5For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them.
Commentary · verse 5
Paul referenced Leviticus 18:5. Paul emphasized the most important thing: doing the Law, not only hearing the Law. Paul showed that doing the Law would have resulted in accepting Jesus as the Messiah.
Doctrines on this passage
6But the righteousness which is of faith saith thus, Say not in thy heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down:) 7or, Who shall descend into the abyss? (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead.)
8But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach:
6But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:)
7Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.)
8But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach;
Commentary · verses 6-8
Paul referenced Deuteronomy 30:12-14, however, he gave an interpretation of two parts of the scripture in parentheses in verses 6 and 7. The end of the referenced scripture was the first half of verse 8: "...and in thy heart:" Paul then directly gave his interpretation of the third part: The word that Moses spoke of in the believer's mouth and in the heart (because it came out in actions) was the word of faith Paul was writing about. Why?
9because if thou shalt confess with thy mouth Jesus as Lord, and shalt believe in thy heart that God raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved:
9That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
Commentary · verse 9
Paul stated that if we allowed the influence from the Holy Spirit through our spirit to come through our hearts (verse 8) when it came out in our actions (verse 9) we would be saved. Again, doing the Law would cause a person to accept Jesus as the Messiah.
10for with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
10For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.
Commentary · verse 10
Doctrine: Salvation - a choice that resulted in belief in the heart (DO, actions) and confession with the mouth (SAY, words). Notice, the person's DO and SAY would be consistent. This was Paul's premise.
Doctrines on this passage
11For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be put to shame.
11For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
Commentary · verse 11
Paul referenced Isaiah 28:16 and Isaiah 49:23.
Doctrines on this passage
12For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek: for the same Lord is Lord of all, and is rich unto all that call upon him: 13for, Whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.
12For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him.
13For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.
Commentary · verse 13
Doctrine: Salvation is available to all. This was Paul's premise from the beginning of this letter to the Romans.
14How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher?
15and how shall they preach, except they be sent? even as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that bring glad tidings of good things!
14How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher?
15And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things!
Commentary · verses 14-15
Paul referenced Isaiah 52:7. Since anyone could receive Salvation, everyone needs to be made aware of this good news. If Calvinism were true, there would be no need for Paul (and the scriptures) to encourage people to evangelize. God would just make people believe.
16But they did not all hearken to the glad tidings. For Isaiah saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
16But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
Commentary · verse 16
Paul referenced Isaiah 53:1. Paul made the point that just because we evangelize to everyone, this did not mean everyone would choose to recognize the value within God and believe.
17So belief cometh of hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ.
17So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.
Commentary · verse 17
The word "hearing" in this verse meant "understanding." The more we understand the Word of God/Christ, the more we understand God/Christ, the more faith we will have in God. Faith is built on understanding and experience.
18But I say, Did they not hear? Yea, verily, Their sound went out into all the earth, And their words unto the ends of the world.
18But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world.
Commentary · verse 18
Paul contrastively asked if the Jews did hear this good news, and then answered that the Jews did hear this good news.
19But I say, Did Israel not know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy with that which is no nation, With a nation void of understanding will I anger you.
19But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.
Commentary · verse 19
Paul contrastively asked why the Jews did not know that God would reach out to the Gentiles. Paul first referenced Deuteronomy 32:21 to show the Jews would have known this if they had known the Law.
20And Isaiah is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I became manifest unto them that asked not of me.
20But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.
Commentary · verse 20
Paul referenced Isaiah 65:1.
21But as to Israel he saith, All the day long did I spread out my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.
21But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.
Commentary · verse 21
Paul referenced Isaiah 65:2. Paul showed that the Jews ought to have known God would reach out to the Gentiles.
Theme of Chapter 10: Paul built on the foundation of the previous chapter which showed all of God's actions were in response to the choices of the individual, otherwise God would not be always completely Right and always completely Just. Paul showed that the Jews ought to have known accepting Jesus as the Messiah was the ultimate effect of believing the Law. Again, Salvation is the responsibility of the individual.
Chapter 9 began with Paul's sorrow for the Jews not being saved. This chapter began with Paul's desire that the Jews be saved.