Luke
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Luke 20
Luke 20
1And it came to pass, on one of the days, as he was teaching the people in the temple, and preaching the gospel, there came upon him the chief priests and the scribes with the elders; 2and they spake, saying unto him, Tell us: By what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?
1And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,
2And spake unto him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?
Commentary · verses 1-2
3And he answered and said unto them, I also will ask you a question; and tell me: 4The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or from men?
3And he answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer me:
4The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men?
Commentary · verses 3-4
In response, Jesus asked them where they believed John the Baptist's authority came from. If they did not recognize John the Baptist's authority, they would not recognize one of Jesus' Semikahs. If they did not recognize the source of John the Baptist's authority, they would not recognize Jesus' other Semikah: God.
5And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why did ye not believe him?
6But if we shall say, From men; all the people will stone us: for they are persuaded that John was a prophet.
7And they answered, that they knew not whence it was.
8And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.
5And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then believed ye him not?
6But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet.
7And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was.
8And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.
Commentary · verses 5-8
The chief priests and elders weighed both possible responses and decided not to answer, so neither did Jesus. This was Just.
Doctrines on this passage
Commentary · verses 9-16
Verses 9-16: the Parable of the Wicked Husbandmen.
9And he began to speak unto the people this parable: A man planted a vineyard, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into another country for a long time.
10And at the season he sent unto the husbandmen a servant, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.
11And he sent yet another servant: and him also they beat, and handled him shamefully, and sent him away empty.
12And he sent yet a third: and him also they wounded, and cast him forth.
13And the lord of the vineyard said, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son; it may be they will reverence him.
14But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned one with another, saying, This is the heir; let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.
15And they cast him forth out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do unto them?
16He will come and destroy these husbandmen, and will give the vineyard unto others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.
9Then began he to speak to the people this parable; A certain man planted a vineyard, and let it forth to husbandmen, and went into a far country for a long time.
10And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.
11And again he sent another servant: and they beat him also, and entreated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.
12And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out.
13Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.
14But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir: come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.
15So they cast him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore shall the lord of the vineyard do unto them?
16He shall come and destroy these husbandmen, and shall give the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.
Commentary · verse 16
In this parable, the lord of the vineyard was God the Father, the husbandmen were the Israelites, the servants that were beat/persecuted were the prophets sent by God the Father, and the lord of the vineyard's son was Jesus Christ. The husbandmen (Israel) would be cut off (the times of the Gentile). The Pharisees said "God forbid."
17But he looked upon them, and said, What then is this that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, The same was made the head of the corner?
18Every one that falleth on that stone shall be broken to pieces; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will scatter him as dust.
17And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?
18Whosoever shall fall upon that stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.
Commentary · verses 17-18
Jesus referenced Psalm 118:22 in response to the Pharisees. Jesus basically showed the Pharisees they were in disagreement with God's Word and Will.
19And the scribes and the chief priests sought to lay hands on him in that very hour; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he spake this parable against them.
19And the chief priests and the scribes the same hour sought to lay hands on him; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he had spoken this parable against them.
Commentary · verse 19
The chief priests and scribes sought more to lay their hands on Jesus because they knew He was stating the religious leaders were violating God's Word and doing their own will instead of God's Will.
20And they watched him, and sent forth spies, who feigned themselves to be righteous, that they might take hold of his speech, so as to deliver him up to the rule and to the authority of the governor.
20And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.
Commentary · verse 20
Spies were sent out to catch Jesus in His words.
21And they asked him, saying, Teacher, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, and acceptest not the person of any, but of a truth teachest the way of God: 22Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Cæsar, or not?
23But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them,
21And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly:
22Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Cesar, or no?
23But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?
Commentary · verses 21-23
The spies tempted Jesus with a question meant to get the government involved.
24Show me a denarius. Whose image and superscription hath it? And they said, Cæsar’s.
25And he said unto them, Then render unto Cæsar the things that are Cæsar’s, and unto God the things that are God’s.
26And they were not able to take hold of the saying before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.
24Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Cesar’s.
25And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Cesar the things which be Cesar’s, and unto God the things which be God’s.
26And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.
Commentary · verses 24-26
Jesus answered the tempting by bringing resolution to the difference between the physical and the spiritual. The government rules the physical, while God ought to rule the spiritual.
27And there came to him certain of the Sadducees, they that say that there is no resurrection; 28and they asked him, saying, Teacher, Moses wrote unto us, that if a man’s brother die, having a wife, and he be childless, his brother should take the wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
27Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him,
28Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man’s brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Commentary · verses 27-28
Certain Sadducees (who denied the resurrection) tempted Jesus by asking questions about Marriage in the resurrection.
29There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died childless; 30and the second: 31and the third took her; and likewise the seven also left no children, and died.
32Afterward the woman also died.
33In the resurrection therefore whose wife of them shall she be? for the seven had her to wife.
34And Jesus said unto them, The sons of this world marry, and are given in marriage: 35but they that are accounted worthy to attain to that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage: 36for neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection.
29There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.
30And the second took her to wife, and he died childless.
31And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.
32Last of all the woman died also.
33Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.
34And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage:
35But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage:
36Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.
Commentary · verses 29-36
Doctrine: Individuals will not be married in eternity.
37But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed, in the place concerning the Bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.
38Now he is not the God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.
37Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.
38For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.
Commentary · verses 37-38
Jesus showed the religious leaders they did not know God's Word. Jesus supported His answer with God's Word.
39And certain of the scribes answering said, Teacher, thou hast well said.
40For they durst not any more ask him any question.
39Then certain of the scribes answering said, Master, thou hast well said.
40And after that they durst not ask him any question at all.
Commentary · verses 39-40
After this interaction, they stopped asking Jesus questions because they did not want to dwell on how they had been wrong about God's Word. However, Jesus wanted to continue to show them they did not know God's Word.
41And he said unto them, How say they that the Christ is David’s son?
42For David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, 43Till I make thine enemies the footstool of thy feet.
44David therefore calleth him Lord, and how is he his son?
41And he said unto them, How say they that Christ is David’s son?
42And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,
43Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.
44David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?
Commentary · verses 41-44
Jesus referenced Psalm 110:1. Jesus asked for the definition of "Lord."
45And in the hearing of all the people he said unto his disciples, 46Beware of the scribes, who desire to walk in long robes, and love salutations in the marketplaces, and chief seats in the synagogues, and chief places at feasts;
45Then in the audience of all the people he said unto his disciples,
46Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;
Commentary · verses 45-46
Jesus openly criticized the religious leaders of His time because they did not know God's Word and instead focused on appearance.
47who devour widows’ houses, and for a pretence make long prayers: these shall receive greater condemnation.
47Which devour widows’ houses, and for a shew make long prayers: the same shall receive greater damnation.
Commentary · verse 47
Jesus even stated they would have greater condemnation, the greater their injustices. That is Just.
One of the days Jesus was teaching, the scribes and chief priests asked Him where His authority (Semikah) came from. Remember, the two Semikahs that Jesus received His authority from were John the Baptist and God the Father.