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Galatians

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Galatians 4

1But I say that so long as the heir is a child, he differeth nothing from a bondservant though he is lord of all; 2but is under guardians and stewards until the day appointed of the father.

1Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;

2But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father.

Commentary · verses 1-2

Paul continued showing there was no division between the Jews (heir) and Gentiles (bondservant) once the day appointed of the father arrived, which would be Final Judgment: Salvation and Reward.

3So we also, when we were children, were held in bondage under the rudiments of the world: 4but when the fulness of the time came, God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under the law,

3Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

4But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,

Commentary · verses 3-4

The "fulness of the time" would be the time that God gave to Daniel (in Daniel 9) regarding when the Messiah would come.

Doctrine: Jesus was born of a woman and born under the Law.

5that he might redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

5To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

Commentary · verse 5

Doctrine: Jesus was born under the Law so that He could redeem those who were under the Law and make it possible for those not under the Law to be adopted.

6And because ye are sons, God sent forth the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

6And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

Commentary · verse 6

By believing, we are adopted children of God. Because we are sons of God, He sent His Spirit into our hearts.

7So that thou art no longer a bondservant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir through God.

7Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

Commentary · verse 7

Paul confirmed the Galatians (Gentiles) were sons of God without the Law.

8Howbeit at that time, not knowing God, ye were in bondage to them that by nature are no gods: 9but now that ye have come to know God, or rather to be known by God, how turn ye back again to the weak and beggarly rudiments, whereunto ye desire to be in bondage over again?

8Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.

9But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?

Commentary · verses 8-9

Paul wanted to know why the Galatians were going back towards the Law when they had been made free from the bondage of the Law by the Spirit. Paul showed the Galatians they were sons of God without the Law and the Law would not add anything to their position, but rather take away from their freedom.

10Ye observe days, and months, and seasons, and years.

11I am afraid of you, lest by any means I have bestowed labor upon you in vain.

10Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years.

11I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.

Commentary · verses 10-11

Paul was afraid that he may have wasted his time by laboring towards the Galatians because they were going back to the Law by observing those traditions.

12I beseech you, brethren, become as I am, for I also am become as ye are. Ye did me no wrong: 13but ye know that because of an infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you the first time:

12Brethren, I beseech you, be as I am; for I am as ye are: ye have not injured me at all.

13Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first.

Commentary · verses 12-13

An infirmity in Paul's flesh caused him to preach the Gospel to the Galatians when he did. The stoning of Paul in Lystra (Acts 14:19-20) may have been the cause of this physical infirmity. Some people believe that Paul may have been referring to the thorn in his flesh from 2 Corinthians 12.

14and that which was a temptation to you in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but ye received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

15Where then is that gratulation of yourselves? for I bear you witness, that, if possible, ye would have plucked out your eyes and given them to me.

16So then am I become your enemy, by telling you the truth?

14And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

15Where is then the blessedness ye spake of? for I bear you record, that, if it had been possible, ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me.

16Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

Commentary · verses 14-16

At first, the Galatians received Paul excellently, "even as Christ Jesus." At some point, Paul was being treated as their enemies. Paul asked if it was because he spoke the truth.

17They zealously seek you in no good way; nay, they desire to shut you out, that ye may seek them.

17They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them.

Commentary · verse 17

Paul stated the false teachers were desiring to make the Galatians dependent on these false teachers. Notice, Paul was preaching a Gospel of freedom and giving the Galatians freedom. The false teachers were preaching a gospel of bondage and attempting to put the Galatians in bondage.

18But it is good to be zealously sought in a good matter at all times, and not only when I am present with you.

18But it is good to be zealously affected always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.

Commentary · verse 18

Paul gave them the freedom to be pursued by himself and others.

19My little children, of whom I am again in travail until Christ be formed in you— 20but I could wish to be present with you now, and to change my tone; for I am perplexed about you.

19My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,

20I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.

Commentary · verses 19-20

Paul referenced his laboring to mature them spiritually, then stated he wanted to be with them so he could change his tone. Paul was perplexed about the Galatians and wanted to be present so that he could emphasize the key point: that we are all children of the promise.

Verses 21-31: Paul used the story of Sarah and Hagar (Genesis 16 and Genesis 17) to emphasize this point to the Galatians.

21Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?

21Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?

Commentary · verse 21

Paul began by stating that if you truly wanted to be under the Law, then you would have to accept everything that followed because it came from the Law.

22For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, one by the handmaid, and one by the freewoman.

23Howbeit the son by the handmaid is born after the flesh; but the son by the freewoman is born through promise.

22For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.

23But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise.

Commentary · verses 22-23

Ishmael was the son of the handmaid (Hagar). Ishmael was an effect of Abram and Sarai attempting to fulfill God's promise in their own strength. Isaac was the son by the freewoman (Sarah) and was God's fulfillment of His promise to Abraham and Sarah.

24Which things contain an allegory: for these women are two covenants; one from mount Sinai, bearing children unto bondage, which is Hagar.

24Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar.

Commentary · verse 24

Each of these women was part of a different covenant, two different covenants.

25Now this Hagar is mount Sinai in Arabia and answereth to the Jerusalem that now is: for she is in bondage with her children.

25For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.

Commentary · verse 25

Hagar was represented by Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Law. This was symbolic of her being in bondage.

26But the Jerusalem that is above is free, which is our mother.

26But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all.

Commentary · verse 26

Sarah was represented by Jerusalem. However, not the Jerusalem on this earth but the one that is above, the new Jerusalem. This was symbolic of her being a freewoman.

27For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; Break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: For more are the children of the desolate than of her that hath the husband.

27For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.

Commentary · verse 27

Paul referenced Isaiah 54:1.

28Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are children of promise.

29But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, so also it is now.

28Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.

29But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.

Commentary · verses 28-29

Just as Ishmael persecuted Isaac, those who put themselves in bondage by holding to the Law were persecuting believers.

30Howbeit what saith the scripture? Cast out the handmaid and her son: for the son of the handmaid shall not inherit with the son of the freewoman.

30Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.

Commentary · verse 30

Paul quoted Genesis 21:10.

31Wherefore, brethren, we are not children of a handmaid, but of the freewoman.

31So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.

Commentary · verse 31

Theme of Chapter 4: Paul emphasized to the Galatians that they were free and saved without the Law and the Law would not only add nothing, it would put them in bondage.

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