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Exodus

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Exodus 24

Commentary · verses 1-18

This chapter concerned documentation.

1And he said unto Moses, Come up unto Jehovah, thou, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel; and worship ye afar off:

1And he said unto Moses, Come up unto the LORD, thou, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel; and worship ye afar off.

Commentary · verse 1

Moses, Aaron, Nadab, Abihu, and the seventy elders went up to the Lord and worshipped afar off.

2and Moses alone shall come near unto Jehovah; but they shall not come near; neither shall the people go up with him.

2And Moses alone shall come near the LORD: but they shall not come nigh; neither shall the people go up with him.

Commentary · verse 2

Moses alone went near the Lord.

3And Moses came and told the people all the words of Jehovah, and all the ordinances: and all the people answered with one voice, and said, All the words which Jehovah hath spoken will we do.

3And Moses came and told the people all the words of the LORD, and all the judgments: and all the people answered with one voice, and said, All the words which the LORD hath said will we do.

Commentary · verse 3

The people agreed to do the words of the Lord. This was a confirmation of the second part of a covenant: agreement. Hebrews 9:20-22 referenced the next five verses.

4And Moses wrote all the words of Jehovah, and rose up early in the morning, and builded an altar under the mount, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel.

4And Moses wrote all the words of the LORD, and rose up early in the morning, and builded an altar under the hill, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel.

Commentary · verse 4

Moses wrote the words of the Lord. There was also built an altar and twelve pillars.

5And he sent young men of the children of Israel, who offered burnt-offerings, and sacrificed peace-offerings of oxen unto Jehovah.

5And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen unto the LORD.

Commentary · verse 5

This was the fourth part of a covenant: death. The fifth and final part of a covenant was bloodshed.

Doctrines on this passage

6And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basins; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar.

7And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that Jehovah hath spoken will we do, and be obedient.

6And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basons; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar.

7And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the LORD hath said will we do, and be obedient.

Commentary · verses 6-7

Once all five parts of the Covenant were about to be completed, Moses read the "book of the covenant" and the people agreed again. They could now do the fifth part of a covenant: bloodshed.

8And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which Jehovah hath made with you concerning all these words.

8And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the LORD hath made with you concerning all these words.

Commentary · verse 8

The Covenant between God and Israel through the Law was completed. The 5th Dispensation had officially begun. God would reach people through the Law. Anyone, even people outside of Israel, would be accepted into community if they followed the Law.

Doctrines on this passage

9Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel: 10and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of sapphire stone, and as it were the very heaven for clearness.

11And upon the nobles of the children of Israel he laid not his hand: and they beheld God, and did eat and drink.

12And Jehovah said unto Moses, Come up to me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee the tables of stone, and the law and the commandment, which I have written, that thou mayest teach them.

9Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel:

10And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

11And upon the nobles of the children of Israel he laid not his hand: also they saw God, and did eat and drink.

12And the LORD said unto Moses, Come up to me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee tables of stone, and a law, and commandments which I have written; that thou mayest teach them.

Commentary · verses 9-12

Tables of stone: God's documentation.

13And Moses rose up, and Joshua his minister: and Moses went up into the mount of God.

13And Moses rose up, and his minister Joshua: and Moses went up into the mount of God.

Commentary · verse 13

Joshua was Moses' minister. Joshua served Moses by being Moses' day-to-day leader. This freed Moses up to spend time with God.

14And he said unto the elders, Tarry ye here for us, until we come again unto you: and, behold, Aaron and Hur are with you: whosoever hath a cause, let him come near unto them.

15And Moses went up into the mount, and the cloud covered the mount.

16And the glory of Jehovah abode upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the seventh day he called unto Moses out of the midst of the cloud.

17And the appearance of the glory of Jehovah was like devouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the children of Israel.

18And Moses entered into the midst of the cloud, and went up into the mount: and Moses was in the mount forty days and forty nights.

14And he said unto the elders, Tarry ye here for us, until we come again unto you: and, behold, Aaron and Hur are with you: if any man have any matters to do, let him come unto them.

15And Moses went up into the mount, and a cloud covered the mount.

16And the glory of the LORD abode upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the seventh day he called unto Moses out of the midst of the cloud.

17And the sight of the glory of the LORD was like devouring fire on the top of the mount in the eyes of the children of Israel.

18And Moses went into the midst of the cloud, and gat him up into the mount: and Moses was in the mount forty days and forty nights.

Commentary · verses 14-18

Exodus 22-24 covered the completion of God's Covenant with reborn Israel. Here is the list of the steps of a Covenant in the context of entering into the 5th Dispensation.

Covenant List:

  1. Go through something – The Israelites had gone through the Red Sea on dry ground...they passed between a wall of water on each side. "And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground: and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left." (Exodus 14:22)

  2. Agreement – "And all the people answered together, and said, All that the Lord hath spoken we will do. And Moses returned the words of the people unto the Lord." (Exodus 19:8)

  3. Sharing – Chapters 20 through 23 of Exodus recorded God sharing His Law and promises of blessings with the people.

  4. Death – "And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen unto the Lord." (Exodus 24:5)

  5. Bloodshed – "And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basins; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the Lord hath said will we do, and be obedient. And Moses took the blood and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the Lord hath made with you concerning all these words." (Exodus 24:6-8).

Commentary · verse 18

The 5th Dispensation had begun. God would reach people through the Law. Moses and Joshua went up to the mount with God for forty days and forty nights. The next seven chapters covered what God said during that time. What did the people do during that time?

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