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Ecclesiastes

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Ecclesiastes 4

1Then I returned and saw all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and, behold, the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter.

1So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter.

Commentary · verse 1

Solomon recognized that there were poor/needy people with no "comforter." Did he consider strengthening them?

Doctrines on this passage

2Wherefore I praised the dead that have been long dead more than the living that are yet alive; 3yea, better than them both did I esteem him that hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

2Wherefore I praised the dead which are already dead more than the living which are yet alive.

3Yea, better is he than both they, which hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

Commentary · verses 2-3

Somehow, Solomon's response to others needing help was to focus on himself. Solomon thought it was better to die and not see evil than to live and see evil…"under the sun." Was Solomon considering life after that which was lived "under the sun"?

4Then I saw all labor and every skilful work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbor. This also is vanity and a striving after wind.

5The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh.

6Better is a handful, with quietness, than two handfuls with labor and striving after wind.

7Then I returned and saw vanity under the sun.

8There is one that is alone, and he hath not a second; yea, he hath neither son nor brother; yet is there no end of all his labor, neither are his eyes satisfied with riches. For whom then, saith he, do I labor, and deprive my soul of good? This also is vanity, yea, it is a sore travail.

9Two are better than one, because they have a good reward for their labor.

4Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit.

5The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh.

6Better is an handful with quietness, than both the hands full with travail and vexation of spirit.

7Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun.

8There is one alone, and there is not a second; yea, he hath neither child nor brother: yet is there no end of all his labour; neither is his eye satisfied with riches; neither saith he, For whom do I labour, and bereave my soul of good? This is also vanity, yea, it is a sore travail.

9Two are better than one; because they have a good reward for their labour.

Commentary · verses 4-9

Two were better than one because they would have more reward. Did Solomon see reward as long term (Reward) or only short term?...

10For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow; but woe to him that is alone when he falleth, and hath not another to lift him up.

11Again, if two lie together, then they have warmth; but how can one be warm alone?

10For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe to him that is alone when he falleth; for he hath not another to help him up.

11Again, if two lie together, then they have heat: but how can one be warm alone?

Commentary · verses 10-11

...or, was Solomon presenting a circumstance that was less vain? It was unprofitable to live alone, and less unprofitable to live in misery with another person. Was it even less unprofitable to live in misery with two other people?

12And if a man prevail against him that is alone, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.

12And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.

Commentary · verse 12

Yes, Solomon believed living in misery with two others was less unprofitable than living in misery with one other. "A threefold cord is not quickly broken" is often used in traditional wedding ceremonies. The threefold cord being God, husband, and wife. However, do you believe that all marriages were put together by God? Were all marriages a "threefold cord"? Was this Solomon's meaning behind that statement?

Doctrines on this passage

13Better is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king, who knoweth not how to receive admonition any more.

14For out of prison he came forth to be king; yea, even in his kingdom he was born poor.

15I saw all the living that walk under the sun, that they were with the youth, the second, that stood up in his stead.

13Better is a poor and a wise child than an old and foolish king, who will no more be admonished.

14For out of prison he cometh to reign; whereas also he that is born in his kingdom becometh poor.

15I considered all the living which walk under the sun, with the second child that shall stand up in his stead.

Commentary · verses 13-15

Solomon said he had considered all the living. Was he willing to consider he had not?

16There was no end of all the people, even of all them over whom he was: yet they that come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and a striving after wind.

16There is no end of all the people, even of all that have been before them: they also that come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and vexation of spirit.

Commentary · verse 16

Solomon recognized others were more unprofitable than him. They lived in misery. His answer was to explain how to limit the unprofitability. However, both Solomon and the needy could have been profitable if Solomon had focused on strengthening their arm...

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