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Reading Plan · Day 95

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2 Samuel 22-24

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Previously · Day 94 · 2 Samuel 19-21

The previous day's reading covered David's concluding of the "Absalom situation," Joab killing David's General (Amasa), and David being too old to go to war.

Day 95 Read

Where You Stopped

2 Samuel 22

Commentary · verses 1-51

The song contained in this chapter was the same as Psalm 18. There were some very minor variations in the language of the song here from the version in the Book of Psalms. Some people believed this was because the copy in 2 Samuel 22 was the first copy and that David may have revised the song while writing it in the Book of Psalms.

Commentary · verses 1-4

Verses 1-4: the introduction and praise to God for deliverance.

1And David spake unto Jehovah the words of this song in the day that Jehovah delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul: 2and he said, Jehovah is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer, even mine; 3God, my rock, in him will I take refuge; My shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge; My saviour, thou savest me from violence.

1And David spake unto the LORD the words of this song in the day that the LORD had delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul:

2And he said, The LORD is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer;

3The God of my rock; in him will I trust: he is my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge, my saviour; thou savest me from violence.

Commentary · verse 3

David recognized God was his protection, his refuge, through his battles.

4I will call upon Jehovah, who is worthy to be praised: So shall I be saved from mine enemies.

4I will call on the LORD, who is worthy to be praised: so shall I be saved from mine enemies.

Commentary · verses 5-20

Verses 5-20: David gave God the credit for his deliverance.

5For the waves of death compassed me; The floods of ungodliness made me afraid: 6The cords of Sheol were round about me; The snares of death came upon me.

7In my distress I called upon Jehovah; Yea, I called unto my God: And he heard my voice out of his temple, And my cry came into his ears.

5When the waves of death compassed me, the floods of ungodly men made me afraid;

6The sorrows of hell compassed me about; the snares of death prevented me;

7In my distress I called upon the LORD, and cried to my God: and he did hear my voice out of his temple, and my cry did enter into his ears.

Commentary · verse 7

David knew to call on God when he was in trouble. He also knew to inquire of the Lord when things were going well, which was one of the reasons he was considered a man after God's own Heart.

8Then the earth shook and trembled, The foundations of heaven quaked And were shaken, because he was wroth.

9There went up a smoke out of his nostrils, And fire out of his mouth devoured: Coals were kindled by it.

10He bowed the heavens also, and came down; And thick darkness was under his feet.

11And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly; Yea, he was seen upon the wings of the wind.

8Then the earth shook and trembled; the foundations of heaven moved and shook, because he was wroth.

9There went up a smoke out of his nostrils, and fire out of his mouth devoured: coals were kindled by it.

10He bowed the heavens also, and came down; and darkness was under his feet.

11And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly: and he was seen upon the wings of the wind.

Commentary · verse 11

David pictured God coming to meet his need so quickly that it was as if God traveled "upon the wings of the wind."

12And he made darkness pavilions round about him, Gathering of waters, thick clouds of the skies.

13At the brightness before him Coals of fire were kindled.

14Jehovah thundered from heaven, And the Most High uttered his voice.

15And he sent out arrows, and scattered them; Lightning, and discomfited them.

16Then the channels of the sea appeared, The foundations of the world were laid bare, By the rebuke of Jehovah, At the blast of the breath of his nostrils.

17He sent from on high, he took me; He drew me out of many waters; 18He delivered me from my strong enemy, From them that hated me; for they were too mighty for me.

12And he made darkness pavilions round about him, dark waters, and thick clouds of the skies.

13Through the brightness before him were coals of fire kindled.

14The LORD thundered from heaven, and the most High uttered his voice.

15And he sent out arrows, and scattered them; lightning, and discomfited them.

16And the channels of the sea appeared, the foundations of the world were discovered, at the rebuking of the LORD, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils.

17He sent from above, he took me; he drew me out of many waters;

18He delivered me from my strong enemy, and from them that hated me: for they were too strong for me.

Commentary · verse 18

David knew his enemies were too strong for him if he did not rely on God.

19They came upon me in the day of my calamity; But Jehovah was my stay.

20He brought me forth also into a large place; He delivered me, because he delighted in me.

19They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay.

20He brought me forth also into a large place: he delivered me, because he delighted in me.

Commentary · verses 21-30

Verses 21-30: the reason WHY God delivered David.

21Jehovah rewarded me according to my righteousness; According to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me.

21The LORD rewarded me according to my righteousness: according to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me.

Commentary · verse 21

David understood the Doctrine of Reward. We receive Reward for our works. We receive Salvation by allowing God's works to flow through us: Grace.

22For I have kept the ways of Jehovah, And have not wickedly departed from my God.

23For all his ordinances were before me; And as for his statutes, I did not depart from them.

24I was also perfect toward him; And I kept myself from mine iniquity.

25Therefore hath Jehovah recompensed me according to my righteousness, According to my cleanness in his eyesight.

26With the merciful thou wilt show thyself merciful; With the perfect man thou wilt show thyself perfect; 27With the pure thou wilt show thyself pure; And with the perverse thou wilt show thyself froward.

22For I have kept the ways of the LORD, and have not wickedly departed from my God.

23For all his judgments were before me: and as for his statutes, I did not depart from them.

24I was also upright before him, and have kept myself from mine iniquity.

25Therefore the LORD hath recompensed me according to my righteousness; according to my cleanness in his eye sight.

26With the merciful thou wilt shew thyself merciful, and with the upright man thou wilt shew thyself upright.

27With the pure thou wilt shew thyself pure; and with the froward thou wilt shew thyself unsavoury.

Commentary · verse 27

These last three verses showed God's actions were guided by Justice. David recognized that he would be held to the standard he held others to (Matthew 7:1-2).

28And the afflicted people thou wilt save; But thine eyes are upon the haughty, that thou mayest bring them down.

28And the afflicted people thou wilt save: but thine eyes are upon the haughty, that thou mayest bring them down.

Commentary · verse 28

God would bring down the proud.

29For thou art my lamp, O Jehovah; And Jehovah will lighten my darkness.

30For by thee I run upon a troop; By my God do I leap over a wall.

29For thou art my lamp, O LORD: and the LORD will lighten my darkness.

30For by thee I have run through a troop: by my God have I leaped over a wall.

Commentary · verses 31-46

Verses 31-46: more focus on God being the cause of David's deliverance.

31As for God, his way is perfect: The word of Jehovah is tried; He is a shield unto all them that take refuge in him.

31As for God, his way is perfect; the word of the LORD is tried: he is a buckler to all them that trust in him.

Commentary · verse 31

God's way was perfect. God's "way" was His HOW. "Perfect" meant "maximum profitability." God's HOW, His actions, contained the maximum profitability!

32For who is God, save Jehovah? And who is a rock, save our God?

33God is my strong fortress; And he guideth the perfect in his way.

34He maketh his feet like hinds’ feet, And setteth me upon my high places.

35He teacheth my hands to war, So that mine arms do bend a bow of brass.

36Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation; And thy gentleness hath made me great.

37Thou hast enlarged my steps under me; And my feet have not slipped.

38I have pursued mine enemies, and destroyed them; Neither did I turn again till they were consumed.

39And I have consumed them, and smitten them through, so that they cannot arise: Yea, they are fallen under my feet.

40For thou hast girded me with strength unto the battle; Thou hast subdued under me those that rose up against me.

32For who is God, save the LORD? and who is a rock, save our God?

33God is my strength and power: and he maketh my way perfect.

34He maketh my feet like hinds’ feet: and setteth me upon my high places.

35He teacheth my hands to war; so that a bow of steel is broken by mine arms.

36Thou hast also given me the shield of thy salvation: and thy gentleness hath made me great.

37Thou hast enlarged my steps under me; so that my feet did not slip.

38I have pursued mine enemies, and destroyed them; and turned not again until I had consumed them.

39And I have consumed them, and wounded them, that they could not arise: yea, they are fallen under my feet.

40For thou hast girded me with strength to battle: them that rose up against me hast thou subdued under me.

Commentary · verse 40

David knew it was God who destroyed his enemies through him.

41Thou hast also made mine enemies turn their backs unto me, That I might cut off them that hate me.

42They looked, but there was none to save; Even unto Jehovah, but he answered them not.

43Then did I beat them small as the dust of the earth, I did crush them as the mire of the streets, and did spread them abroad.

44Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people; Thou hast kept me to be the head of the nations: A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

45The foreigners shall submit themselves unto me: As soon as they hear of me, they shall obey me.

46The foreigners shall fade away, And shall come trembling out of their close places.

41Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies, that I might destroy them that hate me.

42They looked, but there was none to save; even unto the LORD, but he answered them not.

43Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad.

44Thou also hast delivered me from the strivings of my people, thou hast kept me to be head of the heathen: a people which I knew not shall serve me.

45Strangers shall submit themselves unto me: as soon as they hear, they shall be obedient unto me.

46Strangers shall fade away, and they shall be afraid out of their close places.

Commentary · verses 47-51

Verses 47-51: David praised God.

47Jehovah liveth; And blessed be my rock; And exalted be God, the rock of my salvation, 48Even the God that executeth vengeance for me, And that bringeth down peoples under me, 49And that bringeth me forth from mine enemies: Yea, thou liftest me up above them that rise up against me; Thou deliverest me from the violent man.

50Therefore I will give thanks unto thee, O Jehovah, among the nations, And will sing praises unto thy name.

47The LORD liveth; and blessed be my rock; and exalted be the God of the rock of my salvation.

48It is God that avengeth me, and that bringeth down the people under me,

49And that bringeth me forth from mine enemies: thou also hast lifted me up on high above them that rose up against me: thou hast delivered me from the violent man.

50Therefore I will give thanks unto thee, O LORD, among the heathen, and I will sing praises unto thy name.

Commentary · verse 50

David gave thanks to God because God avenged and delivered David from his enemies.

51Great deliverance giveth he to his king, And showeth lovingkindness to his anointed, To David and to his seed, for evermore.

51He is the tower of salvation for his king: and sheweth mercy to his anointed, unto David, and to his seed for evermore.

Where You Stopped

2 Samuel 23

Commentary · verses 1-7

Verses 1-7: the last words of David. Not considered the last spoken words but the words that were the summation of the end of his life.

1Now these are the last words of David. David the son of Jesse saith, And the man who was raised on high saith, The anointed of the God of Jacob, And the sweet psalmist of Israel:

1Now these be the last words of David. David the son of Jesse said, and the man who was raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel, said,

Commentary · verse 1

David was referred to as "the sweet psalmist of Israel."

2The Spirit of Jehovah spake by me, And his word was upon my tongue.

3The God of Israel said, The Rock of Israel spake to me: One that ruleth over men righteously, That ruleth in the fear of God,

2The Spirit of the LORD spake by me, and his word was in my tongue.

3The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God.

Commentary · verse 3

He that ruled over men must be Right and Just, ruling in the fear of God. The fear of God was the beginning of wisdom, the ability to make profitable decisions. This was the cause for ruling Justly.

4He shall be as the light of the morning, when the sun riseth, A morning without clouds, When the tender grass springeth out of the earth, Through clear shining after rain.

5Verily my house is not so with God; Yet he hath made with me an everlasting covenant, Ordered in all things, and sure: For it is all my salvation, and all my desire, Although he maketh it not to grow.

6But the ungodly shall be all of them as thorns to be thrust away, Because they cannot be taken with the hand; 7But the man that toucheth them Must be armed with iron and the staff of a spear: And they shall be utterly burned with fire in their place.

4And he shall be as the light of the morning, when the sun riseth, even a morning without clouds; as the tender grass springing out of the earth by clear shining after rain.

5Although my house be not so with God; yet he hath made with me an everlasting covenant, ordered in all things, and sure: for this is all my salvation, and all my desire, although he make it not to grow.

6But the sons of Belial shall be all of them as thorns thrust away, because they cannot be taken with hands:

7But the man that shall touch them must be fenced with iron and the staff of a spear; and they shall be utterly burned with fire in the same place.

Commentary · verses 8-39

Verses 8-39: the "mighty men of David."

8These are the names of the mighty men whom David had: Josheb-basshebeth a Tahchemonite, chief of the captains; the same was Adino the Eznite, against eight hundred slain at one time.

8These be the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains; the same was Adino the Eznite: he lift up his spear against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time.

Commentary · verse 8

The leader among David's mighty men, known as Adino, was noted for having killed eight hundred men at one time.

9And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodai the son of an Ahohite, one of the three mighty men with David, when they defied the Philistines that were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel were gone away.

10He arose, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clave unto the sword; and Jehovah wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to take spoil.

9And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodo the Ahohite, one of the three mighty men with David, when they defied the Philistines that were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel were gone away:

10He arose, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clave unto the sword: and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to spoil.

Commentary · verse 10

Another leader among David's mighty named Eleazar was known for fighting with David against the Philistines. One time in particular, Eleazar fought so long, longer than any man could. His hand "clave" to the sword as if it had become one with the sword.

11And after him was Shammah the son of Agee a Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a plot of ground full of lentils; and the people fled from the Philistines.

12But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the Philistines; and Jehovah wrought a great victory.

11And after him was Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a piece of ground full of lentiles: and the people fled from the Philistines.

12But he stood in the midst of the ground, and defended it, and slew the Philistines: and the LORD wrought a great victory.

Commentary · verse 12

The third leader of the mighty men was Shammah. He single-handedly held off a group of Philistines.

13And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

14And David was then in the stronghold; and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Beth-lehem.

15And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me water to drink of the well of Beth-lehem, which is by the gate!

16And the three mighty men brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: but he would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto Jehovah.

17And he said, Be it far from me, O Jehovah, that I should do this: shall I drink the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives? therefore he would not drink it. These things did the three mighty men.

13And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.

14And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Beth–lehem.

15And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Beth–lehem, which is by the gate!

16And the three mighty men brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth–lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: nevertheless he would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD.

17And he said, Be it far from me, O LORD, that I should do this: is not this the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives? therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mighty men.

Commentary · verse 17

The first three mighty men named were: Adino, Eleazar, and Shammah. These three men, at great personal risk, fulfilled David's desire. In return, David gave a great and honorable offering to the Lord.

18And Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief of the three. And he lifted up his spear against three hundred and slew them, and had a name among the three.

19Was he not most honorable of the three? therefore he was made their captain: howbeit he attained not unto the first three.

18And Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief among three. And he lifted up his spear against three hundred, and slew them, and had the name among three.

19Was he not most honourable of three? therefore he was their captain: howbeit he attained not unto the first three.

Commentary · verse 19

Many translations referred to Abishai as the captain of the thirty, not three, which may be concerned with Abishai being the leader of the following men…

20And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done mighty deeds, he slew the two sons of Ariel of Moab: he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow.

21And he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man: and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand, and slew him with his own spear.

22These things did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and had a name among the three mighty men.

20And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man, of Kabzeel, who had done many acts, he slew two lionlike men of Moab: he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow:

21And he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man: and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand, and slew him with his own spear.

22These things did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and had the name among three mighty men.

Commentary · verse 22

Benaiah was as famous as the first three mighty men.

23He was more honorable than the thirty, but he attained not to the first three. And David set him over his guard.

23He was more honourable than the thirty, but he attained not to the first three. And David set him over his guard.

Commentary · verse 23

  • The three "chief" of David's mighty men were: Adino, Eleazar, and Shammah.
  • Two more notable mighty men, as famous as the chief three were: Abishai and Benaiah.
  • The rest of the mighty men were listed in verses 24-39.

24Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty; Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem, 25Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite, 26Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, 27Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite, 28Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, 29Heleb the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin, 30Benaiah a Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash.

31Abi-albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite, 32Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan, 33Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite, 34Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maacathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, 35Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite, 36Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite, 37Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armorbearers to Joab the son of Zeruiah, 38Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite, 39Uriah the Hittite: thirty and seven in all.

24Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty; Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth–lehem,

25Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite,

26Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite,

27Abiezer the Anethothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite,

28Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite,

29Heleb the son of Baanah, a Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai out of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin,

30Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash,

31Abi–albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,

32Eliahba the Shaalbonite, of the sons of Jashen, Jonathan,

33Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Hararite,

34Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maachathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,

35Hezrai the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite,

36Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

37Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armourbearer to Joab the son of Zeruiah,

38Ira an Ithrite, Gareb an Ithrite,

39Uriah the Hittite: thirty and seven in all.

Commentary · verse 39

There were thirty-seven mighty men of David. Notice, Uriah, Bath-sheba's first husband, was one of David's mighty men.

Where You Stopped

2 Samuel 24

1And again the anger of Jehovah was kindled against Israel, and he moved David against them, saying, Go, number Israel and Judah.

1And again the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he moved David against them to say, Go, number Israel and Judah.

Commentary · verse 1

David numbered Israel and Judah. Satan actually moved David to do this (1 Chronicles 21:1) so God used Satan to bring about His Justice because God was angry with Israel.

2And the king said to Joab the captain of the host, who was with him, Go now to and fro through all the tribes of Israel, from Dan even to Beer-sheba, and number ye the people, that I may know the sum of the people.

3And Joab said unto the king, Now Jehovah thy God add unto the people, how many soever they may be, a hundredfold; and may the eyes of my lord the king see it: but why doth my lord the king delight in this thing?

2For the king said to Joab the captain of the host, which was with him, Go now through all the tribes of Israel, from Dan even to Beer–sheba, and number ye the people, that I may know the number of the people.

3And Joab said unto the king, Now the LORD thy God add unto the people, how many soever they be, an hundredfold, and that the eyes of my lord the king may see it: but why doth my lord the king delight in this thing?

Commentary · verses 2-3

General Joab tried to convince David to not number the people. Joab asked David why he was focused on this effect.

4Notwithstanding, the king’s word prevailed against Joab, and against the captains of the host. And Joab and the captains of the host went out from the presence of the king, to number the people of Israel.

4Notwithstanding the king’s word prevailed against Joab, and against the captains of the host. And Joab and the captains of the host went out from the presence of the king, to number the people of Israel.

Commentary · verse 4

It appeared that not only Joab was trying to convince David not to number the people. David's word prevailed against Joab's, as well as the other captains.

5And they passed over the Jordan, and encamped in Aroer, on the right side of the city that is in the middle of the valley of Gad, and unto Jazer: 6then they came to Gilead, and to the land of Tahtim-hodshi; and they came to Dan-jaan, and round about to Sidon, 7and came to the stronghold of Tyre, and to all the cities of the Hivites, and of the Canaanites; and they went out to the south of Judah, at Beer-sheba.

8So when they had gone to and fro through all the land, they came to Jerusalem at the end of nine months and twenty days.

5And they passed over Jordan, and pitched in Aroer, on the right side of the city that lieth in the midst of the river of Gad, and toward Jazer:

6Then they came to Gilead, and to the land of Tahtim–hodshi; and they came to Dan–jaan, and about to Zidon,

7And came to the strong hold of Tyre, and to all the cities of the Hivites, and of the Canaanites: and they went out to the south of Judah, even to Beer–sheba.

8So when they had gone through all the land, they came to Jerusalem at the end of nine months and twenty days.

Commentary · verses 5-8

Joab and the other captains obeyed David's command. Nine months and twenty days later, they came to Jerusalem.

9And Joab gave up the sum of the numbering of the people unto the king: and there were in Israel eight hundred thousand valiant men that drew the sword; and the men of Judah were five hundred thousand men.

9And Joab gave up the sum of the number of the people unto the king: and there were in Israel eight hundred thousand valiant men that drew the sword; and the men of Judah were five hundred thousand men.

Commentary · verse 9

Israel had 800,000 men of war and Judah had 500,000 men of war.

10And David’s heart smote him after that he had numbered the people. And David said unto Jehovah, I have sinned greatly in that which I have done: but now, O Jehovah, put away, I beseech thee, the iniquity of thy servant; for I have done very foolishly.

10And David’s heart smote him after that he had numbered the people. And David said unto the LORD, I have sinned greatly in that I have done: and now, I beseech thee, O LORD, take away the iniquity of thy servant; for I have done very foolishly.

Commentary · verse 10

David felt guilt in his heart and immediately confessed to God. David didn't try to rationalize or justify this wrong action.

11And when David rose up in the morning, the word of Jehovah came unto the prophet Gad, David’s seer, saying, 12Go and speak unto David, Thus saith Jehovah, I offer thee three things: choose thee one of them, that I may do it unto thee.

11For when David was up in the morning, the word of the LORD came unto the prophet Gad, David’s seer, saying,

12Go and say unto David, Thus saith the LORD, I offer thee three things; choose thee one of them, that I may do it unto thee.

Commentary · verses 11-12

God offered David three choices for his punishment.

13So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him, Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thy foes while they pursue thee? or shall there be three days’ pestilence in thy land? now advise thee, and consider what answer I shall return to him that sent me.

13So Gad came to David, and told him, and said unto him, Shall seven years of famine come unto thee in thy land? or wilt thou flee three months before thine enemies, while they pursue thee? or that there be three days’ pestilence in thy land? now advise, and see what answer I shall return to him that sent me.

Commentary · verse 13

The choices were:

  1. Seven years famine

  2. Flee three months before your enemies

  3. Three days plague in your land.

14And David said unto Gad, I am in a great strait: let us fall now into the hand of Jehovah; for his mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.

15So Jehovah sent a pestilence upon Israel from the morning even to the time appointed; and there died of the people from Dan even to Beer-sheba seventy thousand men.

14And David said unto Gad, I am in a great strait: let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for his mercies are great: and let me not fall into the hand of man.

15So the LORD sent a pestilence upon Israel from the morning even to the time appointed: and there died of the people from Dan even to Beer–sheba seventy thousand men.

Commentary · verses 14-15

David chose pestilence because it was done by the Hand of the Lord and He was Merciful. Again, David had a great understanding of God.

16And when the angel stretched out his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy it, Jehovah repented him of the evil, and said to the angel that destroyed the people, It is enough; now stay thy hand. And the angel of Jehovah was by the threshing-floor of Araunah the Jebusite.

16And when the angel stretched out his hand upon Jerusalem to destroy it, the LORD repented him of the evil, and said to the angel that destroyed the people, It is enough: stay now thine hand. And the angel of the LORD was by the threshingplace of Araunah the Jebusite.

Commentary · verse 16

God repented (turn away) of the evil (destruction) that the angel did.

17And David spake unto Jehovah when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said, Lo, I have sinned, and I have done perversely; but these sheep, what have they done? let thy hand, I pray thee, be against me, and against my father’s house.

18And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him, Go up, rear an altar unto Jehovah in the threshing-floor of Araunah the Jebusite.

17And David spake unto the LORD when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said, Lo, I have sinned, and I have done wickedly: but these sheep, what have they done? let thine hand, I pray thee, be against me, and against my father’s house.

18And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him, Go up, rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshingfloor of Araunah the Jebusite.

Commentary · verses 17-18

Gad was the last in a line of prophets to talk to David. Gad told David to make an altar in a specific site because of the pestilence.

19And David went up according to the saying of Gad, as Jehovah commanded.

20And Araunah looked forth, and saw the king and his servants coming on toward him: and Araunah went out, and bowed himself before the king with his face to the ground.

21And Araunah said, Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant? And David said, To buy the threshing-floor of thee, to build an altar unto Jehovah, that the plague may be stayed from the people.

22And Araunah said unto David, Let my lord the king take and offer up what seemeth good unto him: behold, the oxen for the burnt-offering, and the threshing instruments and the yokes of the oxen for the wood: 23all this, O king, doth Araunah give unto the king. And Araunah said unto the king, Jehovah thy God accept thee.

24And the king said unto Araunah, Nay; but I will verily buy it of thee at a price; neither will I offer burnt-offerings unto Jehovah my God which cost me nothing. So David bought the threshing-floor and the oxen for fifty shekels of silver.

19And David, according to the saying of Gad, went up as the LORD commanded.

20And Araunah looked, and saw the king and his servants coming on toward him: and Araunah went out, and bowed himself before the king on his face upon the ground.

21And Araunah said, Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant? And David said, To buy the threshingfloor of thee, to build an altar unto the LORD, that the plague may be stayed from the people.

22And Araunah said unto David, Let my lord the king take and offer up what seemeth good unto him: behold, here be oxen for burnt sacrifice, and threshing instruments and other instruments of the oxen for wood.

23All these things did Araunah, as a king, give unto the king. And Araunah said unto the king, The LORD thy God accept thee.

24And the king said unto Araunah, Nay; but I will surely buy it of thee at a price: neither will I offer burnt offerings unto the LORD my God of that which doth cost me nothing. So David bought the threshingfloor and the oxen for fifty shekels of silver.

Commentary · verses 19-24

David would not offer to God something that cost him nothing. He would not accept the offerings of Araunah for free. David wanted value for value.

25And David built there an altar unto Jehovah, and offered burnt-offerings and peace-offerings. So Jehovah was entreated for the land, and the plague was stayed from Israel.

25And David built there an altar unto the LORD, and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings. So the LORD was intreated for the land, and the plague was stayed from Israel.

Commentary · verse 25

While 2 Samuel was the fifth of the twelve books that made up the portion of the Old Testament known as the historical section, it really ought to be treated as the same book as 1 Samuel. It was believed Isaiah compiled this book (around 700 BC) from records kept by Samuel, David, Nathan, and Gad. This book was not separated out into two books until around 289-294 BC during the Septuagint translation. The previous half of this book documented the transition from God leading Israel through Judges to Saul (the first Israelite king) leading Israel. This book documented David's rule (second king) over Israel. He was a man after God's own Heart. David immediately confessed/repented when he was proven wrong. He was a master with words and had great faith. He was quick to reward people for the good they did and seemed to avoid punishing people for the bad they did. David's adultery with Bath-sheba brought three curses on David that were all fulfilled within this book. David's General, Joab, appeared to be replaced by Amasa because Joab went against David's instructions and killed Absalom. However, Joab appeared to be reinstated as General after he killed Amasa.

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