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Reading Plan · Day 320

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Acts 25-28

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Previously · Day 319 · Acts 22-24

The previous day's reading covered the beginning of Paul's journey to Rome, his trial before Felix, and his two year "minimum security" imprisonment in Caesarea.

Day 320 Read

Where You Stopped

Acts 25

Commentary · verses 1-27

The journey to Rome continued.

Map: Paul's Journey to Rome Jerusalem, then Antipatris, then Caesarea, then Sidon, then Myra, then Cnidus, then Salmone, then Fair Havens, then Cauda, then Malta, then Syracuse, then Rhegium, then Puteoli, then Appii Forum, then Three Taverns, then Rome. Macedonia Achaia Asia Galatia Cilicia Syria Cyprus Crete Italia Sicilia Mediterranean Sea Aegean Sea Adrift 14 Days Jerusalem Caesarea Sidon Myra Cnidus Salmone Fair Havens Cauda Malta Syracuse Rhegium Puteoli Rome
Paul's Journey to Rome · Acts 23:31–28:16 Jerusalem → Antipatris → Caesarea → Sidon → Myra → Cnidus → Salmone → Fair Havens → Cauda → Malta → Syracuse → Rhegium → Puteoli → Appii Forum → Three Taverns → Rome

1Festus therefore, having come into the province, after three days went up to Jerusalem from Cæsarea.

1Now when Festus was come into the province, after three days he ascended from Cesarea to Jerusalem.

Commentary · verse 1

Festus replaced Felix while Paul had been in prison for two years. Festus went from Caesarea to Jerusalem three days after he became governor.

2And the chief priests and the principal men of the Jews informed him against Paul; and they besought him, 3asking a favor against him, that he would send for him to Jerusalem; laying a plot to kill him on the way.

2Then the high priest and the chief of the Jews informed him against Paul, and besought him,

3And desired favour against him, that he would send for him to Jerusalem, laying wait in the way to kill him.

Commentary · verses 2-3

The high priest and the chief of the Jews tried persuading Festus to send for Paul so that they could kill Paul on the way to Jerusalem.

4Howbeit Festus answered, that Paul was kept in charge at Cæsarea, and that he himself was about to depart thither shortly.

5Let them therefore, saith he, that are of power among you go down with me, and if there is anything amiss in the man, let them accuse him.

4But Festus answered, that Paul should be kept at Cesarea, and that he himself would depart shortly thither.

5Let them therefore, said he, which among you are able, go down with me, and accuse this man, if there be any wickedness in him.

Commentary · verses 4-5

Festus said he would leave for Jerusalem but that those of the accusers should come to Jerusalem with him. Festus was actually giving them a way to kill Paul. However, they would have to present proof of Paul's wrong doing.

6And when he had tarried among them not more than eight or ten days, he went down unto Cæsarea; and on the morrow he sat on the judgment-seat, and commanded Paul to be brought.

7And when he was come, the Jews that had come down from Jerusalem stood round about him, bringing against him many and grievous charges which they could not prove;

6And when he had tarried among them more than ten days, he went down unto Cesarea; and the next day sitting on the judgment seat commanded Paul to be brought.

7And when he was come, the Jews which came down from Jerusalem stood round about, and laid many and grievous complaints against Paul, which they could not prove.

Commentary · verses 6-7

Paul stood before Festus and the Jews accused Paul of things they could not prove.

8while Paul said in his defence, Neither against the law of the Jews, nor against the temple, nor against Cæsar, have I sinned at all.

9But Festus, desiring to gain favor with the Jews, answered Paul and said, Wilt thou go up to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these things before me?

10But Paul said, I am standing before Cæsar’s judgment-seat, where I ought to be judged: to the Jews have I done no wrong, as thou also very well knowest.

11If then I am a wrong-doer, and have committed anything worthy of death, I refuse not to die; but if none of those things is true whereof these accuse me, no man can give me up unto them. I appeal unto Cæsar.

8While he answered for himself, Neither against the law of the Jews, neither against the temple, nor yet against Cesar, have I offended any thing at all.

9But Festus, willing to do the Jews a pleasure, answered Paul, and said, Wilt thou go up to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these things before me?

10Then said Paul, I stand at Cesar’s judgment seat, where I ought to be judged: to the Jews have I done no wrong, as thou very well knowest.

11For if I be an offender, or have committed any thing worthy of death, I refuse not to die: but if there be none of these things whereof these accuse me, no man may deliver me unto them. I appeal unto Cesar.

Commentary · verses 8-11

Festus tried to gain favor with the Jews by encouraging Paul to be tried in Jerusalem. Paul stated his innocence and then appealed to Caesar, a right he had as a Roman citizen.

12Then Festus, when he had conferred with the council, answered, Thou hast appealed unto Cæsar: unto Cæsar shalt thou go.

12Then Festus, when he had conferred with the council, answered, Hast thou appealed unto Cesar? unto Cesar shalt thou go.

Commentary · verse 12

Festus agreed to Paul's appeal to Caesar.

Commentary · verses 13-21

Verses 13-21: Festus informed King Agrippa about the events surrounding Paul.

13Now when certain days were passed, Agrippa the king and Bernice arrived at Cæsarea, and saluted Festus.

13And after certain days king Agrippa and Bernice came unto Cesarea to salute Festus.

Commentary · verse 13

"Bernice" was with Agrippa. Bernice was the oldest daughter of Herod Agrippa I (see Acts 12:1). She was first married to her uncle Herod, King of Chalcis, and after his death (A.D. 48) she lived under circumstances of great suspicion with her own brother, Agrippa II, who was the man she accompanied during this investigation.

14And as they tarried there many days, Festus laid Paul’s case before the king, saying, There is a certain man left a prisoner by Felix;

14And when they had been there many days, Festus declared Paul’s cause unto the king, saying, There is a certain man left in bonds by Felix:

Commentary · verse 14

Festus made Agrippa and Bernice aware of Paul being in prison by Felix.

15about whom, when I was at Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews informed me, asking for sentence against him.

16To whom I answered, that it is not the custom of the Romans to give up any man, before that the accused have the accusers face to face, and have had opportunity to make his defence concerning the matter laid against him.

15About whom, when I was at Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews informed me, desiring to have judgment against him.

16To whom I answered, It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face, and have licence to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him.

Commentary · verse 16

Festus made them aware that he was following Roman law.

17When therefore they were come together here, I made no delay, but on the next day sat on the judgment-seat, and commanded the man to be brought.

18Concerning whom, when the accusers stood up, they brought no charge of such evil things as I supposed; 19but had certain questions against him of their own religion, and of one Jesus, who was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

17Therefore, when they were come hither, without any delay on the morrow I sat on the judgment seat, and commanded the man to be brought forth.

18Against whom when the accusers stood up, they brought none accusation of such things as I supposed:

19But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

Commentary · verse 19

Festus told Agrippa and Bernice that the accusers brought no charge against Paul that offended Roman Law but they charged Paul with offences against their own religion, especially concerning Jesus.

20And I, being perplexed how to inquire concerning these things, asked whether he would go to Jerusalem and there be judged of these matters.

21But when Paul had appealed to be kept for the decision of the emperor, I commanded him to be kept till I should send him to Cæsar.

22And Agrippa said unto Festus, I also could wish to hear the man myself. To-morrow, saith he, thou shalt hear him.

20And because I doubted of such manner of questions, I asked him whether he would go to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these matters.

21But when Paul had appealed to be reserved unto the hearing of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept till I might send him to Cesar.

22Then Agrippa said unto Festus, I would also hear the man myself. To morrow, said he, thou shalt hear him.

Commentary · verse 22

Agrippa wanted to hear Paul himself.

23So on the morrow, when Agrippa was come, and Bernice, with great pomp, and they were entered into the place of hearing with the chief captains and the principal men of the city, at the command of Festus Paul was brought in.

23And on the morrow, when Agrippa was come, and Bernice, with great pomp, and was entered into the place of hearing, with the chief captains, and principal men of the city, at Festus’ commandment Paul was brought forth.

Commentary · verse 23

This chapter ended with Festus presenting the background of Paul's examinations.

24And Festus saith, King Agrippa, and all men who are here present with us, ye behold this man, about whom all the multitude of the Jews made suit to me, both at Jerusalem and here, crying that he ought not to live any longer.

25But I found that he had committed nothing worthy of death: and as he himself appealed to the emperor I determined to send him.

24And Festus said, King Agrippa, and all men which are here present with us, ye see this man, about whom all the multitude of the Jews have dealt with me, both at Jerusalem, and also here, crying that he ought not to live any longer.

25But when I found that he had committed nothing worthy of death, and that he himself hath appealed to Augustus, I have determined to send him.

Commentary · verses 24-25

Festus found nothing in Paul's actions that warranted death and would send him to Caesar.

26Of whom I have no certain thing to write unto my lord. Wherefore I have brought him forth before you, and specially before thee, king Agrippa, that, after examination had, I may have somewhat to write.

27For it seemeth to me unreasonable, in sending a prisoner, not withal to signify the charges against him.

26Of whom I have no certain thing to write unto my lord. Wherefore I have brought him forth before you, and specially before thee, O king Agrippa, that, after examination had, I might have somewhat to write.

27For it seemeth to me unreasonable to send a prisoner, and not withal to signify the crimes laid against him.

Commentary · verses 26-27

Festus wanted King Agrippa to help him know what to write to Caesar about Paul since Festus was sending Paul to Caesar without any charges in the eyes of Rome.

Where You Stopped

Acts 26

Commentary · verses 1-23

Verses 1-23: Paul's defense before Herod Agrippa.

1And Agrippa said unto Paul, Thou art permitted to speak for thyself. Then Paul stretched forth his hand, and made his defence: 2I think myself happy, king Agrippa, that I am to make my defence before thee this day touching all the things whereof I am accused by the Jews: 3especially because thou art expert in all customs and questions which are among the Jews: wherefore I beseech thee to hear me patiently.

1Then Agrippa said unto Paul, Thou art permitted to speak for thyself. Then Paul stretched forth the hand, and answered for himself:

2I think myself happy, king Agrippa, because I shall answer for myself this day before thee touching all the things whereof I am accused of the Jews:

3Especially because I know thee to be expert in all customs and questions which are among the Jews: wherefore I beseech thee to hear me patiently.

Commentary · verse 3

Agrippa gave Paul the freedom to speak which made Paul happy. Paul, like all good orators, began by praising his audience.

4My manner of life then from my youth up, which was from the beginning among mine own nation and at Jerusalem, know all the Jews; 5having knowledge of me from the first, if they be willing to testify, that after the straitest sect of our religion I lived a Pharisee.

4My manner of life from my youth, which was at the first among mine own nation at Jerusalem, know all the Jews;

5Which knew me from the beginning, if they would testify, that after the most straitest sect of our religion I lived a Pharisee.

Commentary · verse 5

Verses 4-5 covered Paul's background as a Pharisee.

6And now I stand here to be judged for the hope of the promise made of God unto our fathers; 7unto which promise our twelve tribes, earnestly serving God night and day, hope to attain. And concerning this hope I am accused by the Jews, O king!

6And now I stand and am judged for the hope of the promise made of God unto our fathers:

7Unto which promise our twelve tribes, instantly serving God day and night, hope to come. For which hope’s sake, king Agrippa, I am accused of the Jews.

Commentary · verse 7

Paul gave Agrippa the cause for the judgment coming against him from the Jews: Paul was being judged because of his hope of the promise God made to his fathers. Paul then asked the king a question to make him conscious.

8Why is it judged incredible with you, if God doth raise the dead?

8Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you, that God should raise the dead?

Commentary · verses 9-11

Verses 9-11: Paul's experiences as a persecutor - his life before meeting Jesus.

9I verily thought with myself that I ought to do many things contrary to the name of Jesus of Nazareth.

10And this I also did in Jerusalem: and I both shut up many of the saints in prisons, having received authority from the chief priests, and when they were put to death I gave my vote against them.

11And punishing them oftentimes in all the synagogues, I strove to make them blaspheme; and being exceedingly mad against them, I persecuted them even unto foreign cities.

9I verily thought with myself, that I ought to do many things contrary to the name of Jesus of Nazareth.

10Which thing I also did in Jerusalem: and many of the saints did I shut up in prison, having received authority from the chief priests; and when they were put to death, I gave my voice against them.

11And I punished them oft in every synagogue, and compelled them to blaspheme; and being exceedingly mad against them, I persecuted them even unto strange cities.

Commentary · verses 12-19

Verses 12-19: Paul's conversion experience.

12Whereupon as I journeyed to Damascus with the authority and commission of the chief priests, 13at midday, O king, I saw on the way a light from heaven, above the brightness of the sun, shining round about me and them that journeyed with me.

14And when we were all fallen to the earth, I heard a voice saying unto me in the Hebrew language, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the goad.

12Whereupon as I went to Damascus with authority and commission from the chief priests,

13At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightness of the sun, shining round about me and them which journeyed with me.

14And when we were all fallen to the earth, I heard a voice speaking unto me, and saying in the Hebrew tongue, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

Commentary · verse 14

Unlike the description in Acts 9, the line "it is hard for thee to kick against the goad" was included in Paul's experience with Christ on the road to Damascus.

15And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest.

16But arise, and stand upon thy feet: for to this end have I appeared unto thee, to appoint thee a minister and a witness both of the things wherein thou hast seen me, and of the things wherein I will appear unto thee; 17delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom I send thee, 18to open their eyes, that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive remission of sins and an inheritance among them that are sanctified by faith in me.

19Wherefore, O king Agrippa, I was not disobedient unto the heavenly vision:

15And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest.

16But rise, and stand upon thy feet: for I have appeared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness both of these things which thou hast seen, and of those things in the which I will appear unto thee;

17Delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom now I send thee,

18To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in me.

19Whereupon, O king Agrippa, I was not disobedient unto the heavenly vision:

Commentary · verses 20-23

Verses 20-23: Paul's missionary events - his life after his meeting with Jesus.

20but declared both to them of Damascus first, and at Jerusalem, and throughout all the country of Judæa, and also to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, doing works worthy of repentance.

21For this cause the Jews seized me in the temple, and assayed to kill me.

22Having therefore obtained the help that is from God, I stand unto this day testifying both to small and great, saying nothing but what the prophets and Moses did say should come; 23how that the Christ must suffer, and how that he first by the resurrection of the dead should proclaim light both to the people and to the Gentiles.

24And as he thus made his defence, Festus saith with a loud voice, Paul, thou art mad; thy much learning is turning thee mad.

20But shewed first unto them of Damascus, and at Jerusalem, and throughout all the coasts of Judea, and then to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, and do works meet for repentance.

21For these causes the Jews caught me in the temple, and went about to kill me.

22Having therefore obtained help of God, I continue unto this day, witnessing both to small and great, saying none other things than those which the prophets and Moses did say should come:

23That Christ should suffer, and that he should be the first that should rise from the dead, and should shew light unto the people, and to the Gentiles.

24And as he thus spake for himself, Festus said with a loud voice, Paul, thou art beside thyself; much learning doth make thee mad.

Commentary · verse 24

Festus accused Paul of being mad.

25But Paul saith, I am not mad, most excellent Festus; but speak forth words of truth and soberness.

25But he said, I am not mad, most noble Festus; but speak forth the words of truth and soberness.

Commentary · verse 25

Paul said he was not mad but he spoke "words of truth and soberness." Paul was intentional with his words, he was completely aware of the words he spoke and the words he spoke had a right HOW/WHY.

26For the king knoweth of these things, unto whom also I speak freely: for I am persuaded that none of these things is hidden from him; for this hath not been done in a corner.

27King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets? I know that thou believest.

26For the king knoweth of these things, before whom also I speak freely: for I am persuaded that none of these things are hidden from him; for this thing was not done in a corner.

27King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets? I know that thou believest.

Commentary · verses 26-27

Paul praised the king and then asked Agrippa if he believed the prophets, then stated that he knew Agrippa did believe the prophets.

28And Agrippa said unto Paul, With but little persuasion thou wouldest fain make me a Christian.

28Then Agrippa said unto Paul, Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian.

Commentary · verse 28

Paul almost persuaded Agrippa to be a Christian.

29And Paul said, I would to God, that whether with little or with much, not thou only, but also all that hear me this day, might become such as I am, except these bonds.

29And Paul said, I would to God, that not only thou, but also all that hear me this day, were both almost, and altogether such as I am, except these bonds.

Commentary · verse 29

Paul replied that whether it took a little persuasion or a lot, he would want all that hear him to be like him except the fact he was in prison.

30And the king rose up, and the governor, and Bernice, and they that sat with them: 31and when they had withdrawn, they spake one to another, saying, This man doeth nothing worthy of death or of bonds.

32And Agrippa said unto Festus, This man might have been set at liberty, if he had not appealed unto Cæsar.

30And when he had thus spoken, the king rose up, and the governor, and Bernice, and they that sat with them:

31And when they were gone aside, they talked between themselves, saying, This man doeth nothing worthy of death or of bonds.

32Then said Agrippa unto Festus, This man might have been set at liberty, if he had not appealed unto Cesar.

Commentary · verses 30-32

Festus, Bernice, and Agrippa agreed that Paul was innocent. And if Paul had not appealed to Caesar he may have been set free. However, the Lord told Paul that he would go to Rome (Acts 23:11) so this may be the exact way that He wanted Paul to get there.

Where You Stopped

Acts 27

1And when it was determined that we should sail for Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners to a centurion named Julius, of the Augustan band.

1And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners unto one named Julius, a centurion of Augustus’ band.

Commentary · verse 1

It was determined that Paul would be sent to Italy (Rome) in the custody of a centurion named Julius.

2And embarking in a ship of Adramyttium, which was about to sail unto the places on the coast of Asia, we put to sea, Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us.

3And the next day we touched at Sidon: and Julius treated Paul kindly, and gave him leave to go unto his friends and refresh himself.

2And entering into a ship of Adramyttium, we launched, meaning to sail by the coasts of Asia; one Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us.

3And the next day we touched at Sidon. And Julius courteously entreated Paul, and gave him liberty to go unto his friends to refresh himself.

Commentary · verses 2-3

They made it to Sidon and Julius treated Paul well.

4And putting to sea from thence, we sailed under the lee of Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.

4And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.

Commentary · verse 4

They sailed under the island of Cyprus because of harsh winds.

5And when we had sailed across the sea which is off Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.

5And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.

Commentary · verse 5

They sailed by Cilicia and Pamphylia and landed in Myra.

6And there the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing for Italy; and he put us therein.

7And when we had sailed slowly many days, and were come with difficulty over against Cnidus, the wind not further suffering us, we sailed under the lee of Crete, over against Salmone;

6And there the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing into Italy; and he put us therein.

7And when we had sailed slowly many days, and scarce were come over against Cnidus, the wind not suffering us, we sailed under Crete, over against Salmone;

Commentary · verses 6-7

They sailed off of Cnidus and then off Salmone, Crete. The winds were not helping them, which made this trip take longer than expected.

8and with difficulty coasting along it we came unto a certain place called Fair Havens; nigh whereunto was the city of Lasea.

8And, hardly passing it, came unto a place which is called The fair havens; nigh whereunto was the city of Lasea.

Commentary · verse 8

They came to a place called Fair Havens near Lasea, Crete.

9And when much time was spent, and the voyage was now dangerous, because the Fast was now already gone by, Paul admonished them, 10and said unto them, Sirs, I perceive that the voyage will be with injury and much loss, not only of the lading and the ship, but also of our lives.

9Now when much time was spent, and when sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was now already past, Paul admonished them,

10And said unto them, Sirs, I perceive that this voyage will be with hurt and much damage, not only of the lading and ship, but also of our lives.

Commentary · verses 9-10

They were now sailing after the Day of Atonement (our October) and the Mediterranean was very treacherous to sail during the winter months.

11But the centurion gave more heed to the master and to the owner of the ship, than to those things which were spoken by Paul.

12And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to put to sea from thence, if by any means they could reach Phoenix, and winter there; which is a haven of Crete, looking north-east and south-east.

11Nevertheless the centurion believed the master and the owner of the ship, more than those things which were spoken by Paul.

12And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to depart thence also, if by any means they might attain to Phenice, and there to winter; which is an haven of Crete, and lieth toward the south west and north west.

Commentary · verses 11-12

Paul advised against leaving right then because of bad weather. The centurion wanted to make it to Phoenix and spend the winter there.

13And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, they weighed anchor and sailed along Crete, close in shore.

14But after no long time there beat down from it a tempestuous wind, which is called Euraquilo:

13And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, loosing thence, they sailed close by Crete.

14But not long after there arose against it a tempestuous wind, called Euroclydon.

Commentary · verses 13-14

The weather looked favorable. However, it did not take long for a tempestuous wind called "Euraquilo" to come against them. The word "Euraquilo" meant "a violent agitation."

15and when the ship was caught, and could not face the wind, we gave way to it, and were driven.

15And when the ship was caught, and could not bear up into the wind, we let her drive.

Commentary · verse 15

They now were at the mercy of this hurricane-like wind.

16And running under the lee of a small island called Cauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat: 17and when they had hoisted it up, they used helps, under-girding the ship; and, fearing lest they should be cast upon the Syrtis, they lowered the gear, and so were driven.

16And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat:

17Which when they had taken up, they used helps, undergirding the ship; and, fearing lest they should fall into the quicksands, strake sail, and so were driven.

Commentary · verses 16-17

In verse 16, "the boat" was what we would call "the life-boat." They wrapped cables around the hull to ease the strain so that the mast would not break.

18And as we labored exceedingly with the storm, the next day they began to throw the freight overboard; 19and the third day they cast out with their own hands the tackling of the ship.

20And when neither sun nor stars shone upon us for many days, and no small tempest lay on us, all hope that we should be saved was now taken away.

18And we being exceedingly tossed with a tempest, the next day they lightened the ship;

19And the third day we cast out with our own hands the tackling of the ship.

20And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared, and no small tempest lay on us, all hope that we should be saved was then taken away.

Commentary · verses 18-20

The hurricane-like storm was large and unwavering so that hope of surviving was diminishing.

21And when they had been long without food, then Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have set sail from Crete, and have gotten this injury and loss.

22And now I exhort you to be of good cheer; for there shall be no loss of life among you, but only of the ship.

21But after long abstinence Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have loosed from Crete, and to have gained this harm and loss.

22And now I exhort you to be of good cheer: for there shall be no loss of any man’s life among you, but of the ship.

Commentary · verses 21-22

Paul told them they should have listened to him but he assured them that no man would lose his life. Why was Paul sure?

23For there stood by me this night an angel of the God whose I am, whom also I serve, 24saying, Fear not, Paul; thou must stand before Cæsar: and lo, God hath granted thee all them that sail with thee.

23For there stood by me this night the angel of God, whose I am, and whom I serve,

24Saying, Fear not, Paul; thou must be brought before Cesar: and, lo, God hath given thee all them that sail with thee.

Commentary · verses 23-24

Paul received a message from an angel of God that he would make it to Caesar, and the rest of the people would be saved because of God's purpose for Paul.

25Wherefore, sirs, be of good cheer: for I believe God, that it shall be even so as it hath been spoken unto me.

26But we must be cast upon a certain island.

25Wherefore, sirs, be of good cheer: for I believe God, that it shall be even as it was told me.

26Howbeit we must be cast upon a certain island.

Commentary · verses 25-26

Paul warned them that they would end up running the ship aground on an island.

27But when the fourteenth night was come, as we were driven to and fro in the sea of Adria, about midnight the sailors surmised that they were drawing near to some country: 28and they sounded, and found twenty fathoms; and after a little space, they sounded again, and found fifteen fathoms.

29And fearing lest haply we should be cast ashore on rocky ground, they let go four anchors from the stern, and wished for the day.

30And as the sailors were seeking to flee out of the ship, and had lowered the boat into the sea, under color as though they would lay out anchors from the foreship, 31Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, Except these abide in the ship, ye cannot be saved.

27But when the fourteenth night was come, as we were driven up and down in Adria, about midnight the shipmen deemed that they drew near to some country;

28And sounded, and found it twenty fathoms: and when they had gone a little further, they sounded again, and found it fifteen fathoms.

29Then fearing lest we should have fallen upon rocks, they cast four anchors out of the stern, and wished for the day.

30And as the shipmen were about to flee out of the ship, when they had let down the boat into the sea, under colour as though they would have cast anchors out of the foreship,

31Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, Except these abide in the ship, ye cannot be saved.

Commentary · verses 27-31

They were getting nearer to land. Some sailors were attempting to use the life-boat for themselves. Paul told the centurion and the soldiers that the only people who would survive were those who remained in the ship.

32Then the soldiers cut away the ropes of the boat, and let her fall off.

32Then the soldiers cut off the ropes of the boat, and let her fall off.

Commentary · verse 32

The soldiers listened to Paul and set the empty life-boat free so no one would use it.

33And while the day was coming on, Paul besought them all to take some food, saying, This day is the fourteenth day that ye wait and continue fasting, having taken nothing.

34Wherefore I beseech you to take some food: for this is for your safety: for there shall not a hair perish from the head of any of you.

33And while the day was coming on, Paul besought them all to take meat, saying, This day is the fourteenth day that ye have tarried and continued fasting, having taken nothing.

34Wherefore I pray you to take some meat: for this is for your health: for there shall not an hair fall from the head of any of you.

Commentary · verses 33-34

Again, Paul assured them they would survive the storms and asked them to eat. They did not need to fast in order to survive so the food was needed for strength.

35And when he had said this, and had taken bread, he gave thanks to God in the presence of all; and he brake it, and began to eat.

36Then were they all of good cheer, and themselves also took food.

37And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls.

35And when he had thus spoken, he took bread, and gave thanks to God in presence of them all: and when he had broken it, he began to eat.

36Then were they all of good cheer, and they also took some meat.

37And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls.

Commentary · verses 35-37

There were 276 people on board.

38And when they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, throwing out the wheat into the sea.

39And when it was day, they knew not the land: but they perceived a certain bay with a beach, and they took counsel whether they could drive the ship upon it.

40And casting off the anchors, they left them in the sea, at the same time loosing the bands of the rudders; and hoisting up the foresail to the wind, they made for the beach.

38And when they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, and cast out the wheat into the sea.

39And when it was day, they knew not the land: but they discovered a certain creek with a shore, into the which they were minded, if it were possible, to thrust in the ship.

40And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves unto the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoised up the mainsail to the wind, and made toward shore.

Commentary · verses 38-40

They picked a spot to run the ship aground.

41But lighting upon a place where two seas met, they ran the vessel aground; and the foreship struck and remained unmoveable, but the stern began to break up by the violence of the waves.

42And the soldiers’ counsel was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim out, and escape.

41And falling into a place where two seas met, they ran the ship aground; and the forepart stuck fast, and remained unmoveable, but the hinder part was broken with the violence of the waves.

42And the soldiers’ counsel was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim out, and escape.

Commentary · verses 41-42

The ship began to break apart once it ran aground. The soldiers on the ship advised that the prisoners be killed so they would not escape. This included Paul.

43But the centurion, desiring to save Paul, stayed them from their purpose; and commanded that they who could swim should cast themselves overboard, and get first to the land;

43But the centurion, willing to save Paul, kept them from their purpose; and commanded that they which could swim should cast themselves first into the sea, and get to land:

Commentary · verse 43

The centurion did not want Paul to die so he kept the soldiers from their plan to kill the prisoners.

44and the rest, some on planks, and some on other things from the ship. And so it came to pass, that they all escaped safe to the land.

44And the rest, some on boards, and some on broken pieces of the ship. And so it came to pass, that they escaped all safe to land.

Commentary · verse 44

Paul's prophecy was fulfilled: They had a shipwreck and they all escaped safe to the land.

Where You Stopped

Acts 28

1And when we were escaped, then we knew that the island was called Melita.

1And when they were escaped, then they knew that the island was called Melita.

Commentary · verse 1

The island they were on was called Melita, which we know today as Malta. Today, St. Paul's Bay fits the description given in Acts chapter 27 about the site of the ship running aground.

2And the barbarians showed us no common kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us all, because of the present rain, and because of the cold.

2And the barbarous people shewed us no little kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold.

Commentary · verse 2

The natives showed them great kindness.

3But when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks and laid them on the fire, a viper came out by reason of the heat, and fastened on his hand.

3And when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks, and laid them on the fire, there came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on his hand.

Commentary · verse 3

Paul was bitten on the hand by a snake.

4And when the barbarians saw the venomous creature hanging from his hand, they said one to another, No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he hath escaped from the sea, yet Justice hath not suffered to live.

5Howbeit he shook off the creature into the fire, and took no harm.

4And when the barbarians saw the venomous beast hang on his hand, they said among themselves, No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he hath escaped the sea, yet vengeance suffereth not to live.

5And he shook off the beast into the fire, and felt no harm.

Commentary · verses 4-5

The natives understood Justice. They thought Paul must have been guilty. However, Paul was not harmed by the poisonous snake.

6But they expected that he would have swollen, or fallen down dead suddenly: but when they were long in expectation and beheld nothing amiss come to him, they changed their minds, and said that he was a god.

6Howbeit they looked when he should have swollen, or fallen down dead suddenly: but after they had looked a great while, and saw no harm come to him, they changed their minds, and said that he was a god.

Commentary · verse 6

The natives changed their minds about Paul being a criminal and thought he was a god.

7Now in the neighborhood of that place were lands belonging to the chief man of the island, named Publius; who received us, and entertained us three days courteously.

8And it was so, that the father of Publius lay sick of fever and dysentery: unto whom Paul entered in, and prayed, and laying his hands on him healed him.

9And when this was done, the rest also that had diseases in the island came, and were cured: 10who also honored us with many honors; and when we sailed, they put on board such things as we needed.

7In the same quarters were possessions of the chief man of the island, whose name was Publius; who received us, and lodged us three days courteously.

8And it came to pass, that the father of Publius lay sick of a fever and of a bloody flux: to whom Paul entered in, and prayed, and laid his hands on him, and healed him.

9So when this was done, others also, which had diseases in the island, came, and were healed:

10Who also honoured us with many honours; and when we departed, they laded us with such things as were necessary.

Commentary · verses 7-10

Paul healed many at Melita. When they finally made to set sail, the natives provided much of the supplies.

11And after three months we set sail in a ship of Alexandria which had wintered in the island, whose sign was The Twin Brothers.

12And touching at Syracuse, we tarried there three days.

11And after three months we departed in a ship of Alexandria, which had wintered in the isle, whose sign was Castor and Pollux.

12And landing at Syracuse, we tarried there three days.

Commentary · verses 11-12

They remained on Melita three months and then in January/February, they sailed for Syracuse, the capital of Sicily.

13And from thence we made a circuit, and arrived at Rhegium: and after one day a south wind sprang up, and on the second day we came to Puteoli;

13And from thence we fetched a compass, and came to Rhegium: and after one day the south wind blew, and we came the next day to Puteoli:

Commentary · verse 13

Then to Rhegium and Puteoli, two more cities of southern Italy.

14where we found brethren, and were entreated to tarry with them seven days: and so we came to Rome.

15And from thence the brethren, when they heard of us, came to meet us as far as The Market of Appius and The Three Taverns; whom when Paul saw, he thanked God, and took courage.

14Where we found brethren, and were desired to tarry with them seven days: and so we went toward Rome.

15And from thence, when the brethren heard of us, they came to meet us as far as Appii forum, and The three taverns: whom when Paul saw, he thanked God, and took courage.

Commentary · verses 14-15

The believers in Puteoli. Verse 14 in the KJV ended with "...and so we went toward Rome." These brethren continued with Paul until he got about thirty miles from Rome.

16And when we entered into Rome, Paul was suffered to abide by himself with the soldier that guarded him.

16And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the captain of the guard: but Paul was suffered to dwell by himself with a soldier that kept him.

Commentary · verse 16

Finally, they made it to Rome. However, Paul was separated from Luke and everyone else. After three days, Paul sent for the leaders in the synagogues in Rome so that he could explain his circumstances.

17And it came to pass, that after three days he called together those that were the chief of the Jews: and when they were come together, he said unto them, I, brethren, though I had done nothing against the people, or the customs of our fathers, yet was delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans: 18who, when they had examined me, desired to set me at liberty, because there was no cause of death in me.

19But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Cæsar; not that I had aught whereof to accuse my nation.

20For this cause therefore did I entreat you to see and to speak with me: for because of the hope of Israel I am bound with this chain.

17And it came to pass, that after three days Paul called the chief of the Jews together: and when they were come together, he said unto them, Men and brethren, though I have committed nothing against the people, or customs of our fathers, yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans.

18Who, when they had examined me, would have let me go, because there was no cause of death in me.

19But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Cesar; not that I had ought to accuse my nation of.

20For this cause therefore have I called for you, to see you, and to speak with you: because that for the hope of Israel I am bound with this chain.

Commentary · verses 17-20

Paul concluded his explanation.

21And they said unto him, We neither received letters from Judæa concerning thee, nor did any of the brethren come hither and report or speak any harm of thee.

22But we desire to hear of thee what thou thinkest: for as concerning this sect, it is known to us that everywhere it is spoken against.

21And they said unto him, We neither received letters out of Judea concerning thee, neither any of the brethren that came shewed or spake any harm of thee.

22But we desire to hear of thee what thou thinkest: for as concerning this sect, we know that every where it is spoken against.

Commentary · verses 21-22

The leaders in the synagogues stated they had not heard anything about Paul and wanted to learn more about the Gospel.

23And when they had appointed him a day, they came to him into his lodging in great number; to whom he expounded the matter, testifying the kingdom of God, and persuading them concerning Jesus, both from the law of Moses and from the prophets, from morning till evening.

23And when they had appointed him a day, there came many to him into his lodging; to whom he expounded and testified the kingdom of God, persuading them concerning Jesus, both out of the law of Moses, and out of the prophets, from morning till evening.

Commentary · verse 23

From morning till evening, Paul preached in Rome about Jesus, the Law of Moses, and the prophets.

24And some believed the things which were spoken, and some disbelieved.

24And some believed the things which were spoken, and some believed not.

Commentary · verse 24

Some believed and some did not.

25And when they agreed not among themselves, they departed after that Paul had spoken one word, Well spake the Holy Spirit through Isaiah the prophet unto your fathers, 26saying, Go thou unto this people, and say, By hearing ye shall hear, and shall in no wise understand; And seeing ye shall see, and shall in no wise perceive: 27For this people’s heart is waxed gross, And their ears are dull of hearing, And their eyes they have closed; Lest haply they should perceive with their eyes, And hear with their ears, And understand with their heart, And should turn again, And I should heal them.

25And when they agreed not among themselves, they departed, after that Paul had spoken one word, Well spake the Holy Ghost by Esaias the prophet unto our fathers,

26Saying, Go unto this people, and say, Hearing ye shall hear, and shall not understand; and seeing ye shall see, and not perceive:

27For the heart of this people is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes have they closed; lest they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and should be converted, and I should heal them.

Commentary · verses 25-27

Paul referenced Isaiah 6:9-10, which Jesus also referenced in response to why some people believe and some do not.

28Be it known therefore unto you, that this salvation of God is sent unto the Gentiles: they will also hear.

28Be it known therefore unto you, that the salvation of God is sent unto the Gentiles, and that they will hear it.

Commentary · verse 28

Paul referenced Psalm 67:2.

29

29And when he had said these words, the Jews departed, and had great reasoning among themselves.

Commentary · verse 29

The meeting ended and the people continued to debate their points.

30And he abode two whole years in his own hired dwelling, and received all that went in unto him, 31preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching the things concerning the Lord Jesus Christ with all boldness, none forbidding him.

30And Paul dwelt two whole years in his own hired house, and received all that came in unto him,

31Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ, with all confidence, no man forbidding him.

Commentary · verses 30-31

Paul stayed there for two years preaching to the Romans as a free man.

Commentary · verse 31

The fifth book of the New Testament was the second book written by St. Luke. The Book of Acts was written about thirty years after Christ's resurrection. The Book of Acts documented the transition from the Dispensation of the Law to the Dispensation of Grace via the Holy Spirit. The main themes of this book were the giving of the Holy Spirit, the growth of the New Testament Church, and the struggle over observing the Law of Moses. Some people consider the Book of Acts to be a non-doctrinal book: a book of the Bible that should not be used to determine Doctrine. The reasons for this were:

  1. This book was a historical account that did not have a conclusion

  2. This book introduced the Holy Spirit as a main focus.

In the same way these early Christians struggled with the conflict of keeping the Law of Moses, the Christian Church of today is still struggling with the conflict of keeping everything spoken of about the Holy Spirit by this book as well as the rest of the New Testament. We saw how the Holy Spirit was the main personality of this book. We also saw that conflicts between people were handled in a rational manner. Each side was allowed to present their premise and reason with their support from scripture. The methods used by these earlier leaders of the New Testament Church ought to guide us today.

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