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Reading Plan · Day 301

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Luke 13-15

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Previously · Day 300 · Luke 10-12

The previous day's reading covered the Pharisees' frustration with Jesus to the point they began to actively look for a way to destroy Him.

Day 301 Read

Where You Stopped

Luke 13

1Now there were some present at that very season who told him of the Galilæans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.

2And he answered and said unto them, Think ye that these Galilæans were sinners above all the Galilæans, because they have suffered these things?

3I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all in like manner perish.

4Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and killed them, think ye that they were offenders above all the men that dwell in Jerusalem?

5I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.

1There were present at that season some that told him of the Galileans, whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.

2And Jesus answering said unto them, Suppose ye that these Galileans were sinners above all the Galileans, because they suffered such things?

3I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.

4Or those eighteen, upon whom the tower in Siloam fell, and slew them, think ye that they were sinners above all men that dwelt in Jerusalem?

5I tell you, Nay: but, except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish.

Commentary · verses 1-5

All men are sinners. Unless you repent, you will perish.

Doctrines on this passage

Commentary · verses 6-9

Verses 6-9: the Parable of the Barren Fig Tree.

6And he spake this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came seeking fruit thereon, and found none.

7And he said unto the vinedresser, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why doth it also cumber the ground?

6He spake also this parable; A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard; and he came and sought fruit thereon, and found none.

7Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three years I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none: cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground?

Commentary · verse 7

"Why doth it also cumber the ground?" was like saying, "why does it use up the ground?"

8And he answering saith unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it: 9and if it bear fruit thenceforth, well; but if not, thou shalt cut it down.

8And he answering said unto him, Lord, let it alone this year also, till I shall dig about it, and dung it:

9And if it bear fruit, well: and if not, then after that thou shalt cut it down.

Commentary · verse 9

The vinedresser represented Christ, our intercessor in verse 8. When we are made aware of our sin, our response to our sin determines our eternity.

10And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath day.

10And he was teaching in one of the synagogues on the sabbath.

Commentary · verse 10

As custom, Jesus was teaching in a synagogue on the Sabbath. Synagogues were used specifically for teachings.

11And behold, a woman that had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years; and she was bowed together, and could in no wise lift herself up.

12And when Jesus saw her, he called her, and said to her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity.

13And he laid his hands upon her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God.

11And, behold, there was a woman which had a spirit of infirmity eighteen years, and was bowed together, and could in no wise lift up herself.

12And when Jesus saw her, he called her to him, and said unto her, Woman, thou art loosed from thine infirmity.

13And he laid his hands on her: and immediately she was made straight, and glorified God.

Commentary · verses 11-13

Jesus healed the woman with the infirmity.

14And the ruler of the synagogue, being moved with indignation because Jesus had healed on the sabbath, answered and said to the multitude, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the day of the sabbath.

14And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.

Commentary · verse 14

It was not the healing that bothered the ruler of the synagogue, it was that Jesus healed on the Sabbath.

15But the Lord answered him, and said, Ye hypocrites, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?

16And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan had bound, lo, these eighteen years, to have been loosed from this bond on the day of the sabbath?

17And as he said these things, all his adversaries were put to shame: and all the multitude rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.

15The Lord then answered him, and said, Thou hypocrite, doth not each one of you on the sabbath loose his ox or his ass from the stall, and lead him away to watering?

16And ought not this woman, being a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years, be loosed from this bond on the sabbath day?

17And when he had said these things, all his adversaries were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced for all the glorious things that were done by him.

Commentary · verses 15-17

Jesus was focused on the causes. During the Dispensation of the Law, for six days, people were allowed to do whatever they wanted as long as it did not violate the Law. On the seventh day (Sabbath), people could only do what the Law told them to do. Jesus gave an example of something even the rulers of the synagogue would do on the Sabbath, and then contrasted it with how these representatives of God valued an animal over a person. Jesus' answer put them to shame.

Commentary · verses 18-19

Verses 18-19: the Parable of the Mustard Seed.

18He said therefore, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I liken it?

19It is like unto a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his own garden; and it grew, and became a tree; and the birds of the heaven lodged in the branches thereof.

18Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?

19It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.

Commentary · verse 19

The Kingdom of God will be eternally mighty.

Commentary · verses 20-21

Verses 20-21: the Parable of the Leaven.

20And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?

21It is like unto leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till it was all leavened.

20And again he said, Whereunto shall I liken the kingdom of God?

21It is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, till the whole was leavened.

Commentary · verse 21

Normally, leaven represented sin. In this parable, the lesson (like the mustard seed) was that the Kingdom of God was something that would begin small and then grow until it was all that existed. Did this mean that everyone would be in the Kingdom of God or just a few?

22And he went on his way through cities and villages, teaching, and journeying on unto Jerusalem.

23And one said unto him, Lord, are they few that are saved? And he said unto them, 24Strive to enter in by the narrow door: for many, I say unto you, shall seek to enter in, and shall not be able.

25When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door, saying, Lord, open to us; and he shall answer and say to you, I know you not whence ye are; 26then shall ye begin to say, We did eat and drink in thy presence, and thou didst teach in our streets; 27and he shall say, I tell you, I know not whence ye are; depart from me, all ye workers of iniquity.

28There shall be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and yourselves cast forth without.

29And they shall come from the east and west, and from the north and south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.

30And behold, there are last who shall be first, and there are first who shall be last.

22And he went through the cities and villages, teaching, and journeying toward Jerusalem.

23Then said one unto him, Lord, are there few that be saved? And he said unto them,

24Strive to enter in at the strait gate: for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able.

25When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door, saying, Lord, Lord, open unto us; and he shall answer and say unto you, I know you not whence ye are:

26Then shall ye begin to say, We have eaten and drunk in thy presence, and thou hast taught in our streets.

27But he shall say, I tell you, I know you not whence ye are; depart from me, all ye workers of iniquity.

28There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out.

29And they shall come from the east, and from the west, and from the north, and from the south, and shall sit down in the kingdom of God.

30And, behold, there are last which shall be first, and there are first which shall be last.

Commentary · verses 22-30

Luke showed the contrastive side to the parables of the Mustard Seed and the Leaven: the Kingdom of God would contain all the righteous, which would be a minority of the people that ever lived. Narrow is the path that leads to Righteousness meant it had to be found and followed intentionally.

31In that very hour there came certain Pharisees, saying to him, Get thee out, and go hence: for Herod would fain kill thee.

32And he said unto them, Go and say to that fox, Behold, I cast out demons and perform cures to-day and to-morrow, and the third day I am perfected.

31The same day there came certain of the Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: for Herod will kill thee.

32And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected.

Commentary · verses 31-32

The Pharisees did not like Jesus' conclusion that few made it to the Kingdom of God. The Pharisees threatened/warned Jesus. Jesus called Herod a fox.

33Nevertheless I must go on my way to-day and to-morrow and the day following: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.

34O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that killeth the prophets, and stoneth them that are sent unto her! how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her own brood under her wings, and ye would not!

35Behold, your house is left unto you desolate: and I say unto you, Ye shall not see me, until ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.

33Nevertheless I must walk to day, and to morrow, and the day following: for it cannot be that a prophet perish out of Jerusalem.

34O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent unto thee; how often would I have gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather her brood under her wings, and ye would not!

35Behold, your house is left unto you desolate: and verily I say unto you, Ye shall not see me, until the time come when ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.

Commentary · verses 33-35

The word "brood" in verse 34 meant "to watch over and protect." There were many passages throughout the Old Testament that Jesus could have been referencing, even the first verses of the Bible where the Spirit of God "moved" upon the face of the earth. In that verse, moved meant "to brood over like a bird."

Where You Stopped

Luke 14

1And it came to pass, when he went into the house of one of the rulers of the Pharisees on a sabbath to eat bread, that they were watching him.

2And behold, there was before him a certain man that had the dropsy.

3And Jesus answering spake unto the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath, or not?

1And it came to pass, as he went into the house of one of the chief Pharisees to eat bread on the sabbath day, that they watched him.

2And, behold, there was a certain man before him which had the dropsy.

3And Jesus answering spake unto the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath day?

Commentary · verses 1-3

We have seen that Jesus had healed a couple of times on the Sabbath, so everyone knew Jesus believed it was lawful. Jesus asked the lawyers and Pharisees if it was lawful to heal on the Sabbath day.

4But they held their peace. And he took him, and healed him, and let him go.

4And they held their peace. And he took him, and healed him, and let him go;

Commentary · verse 4

The lawyers and Pharisees did not respond, and Jesus healed him. However, this allowed Jesus to teach.

5And he said unto them, Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a well, and will not straightway draw him up on a sabbath day?

6And they could not answer again unto these things.

5And answered them, saying, Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a pit, and will not straightway pull him out on the sabbath day?

6And they could not answer him again to these things.

Commentary · verses 5-6

Jesus reiterated a point documented in the last chapter: why do you think it is right (which it is) to help an animal on the Sabbath but it is not right to help a person?

Commentary · verse 6

The rest of this chapter documented consecutive parables not recorded in the other Gospels. Not only was each individual parable important, but the order was also important. Pay close attention to the amount of Doctrine in this single chapter.

7And he spake a parable unto those that were bidden, when he marked how they chose out the chief seats; saying unto them, 8When thou art bidden of any man to a marriage feast, sit not down in the chief seat; lest haply a more honorable man than thou be bidden of him,

7And he put forth a parable to those which were bidden, when he marked how they chose out the chief rooms; saying unto them,

8When thou art bidden of any man to a wedding, sit not down in the highest room; lest a more honourable man than thou be bidden of him;

Commentary · verses 7-8

Doctrine: A wedding is a marriage feast. Nowhere in the Bible was there a record of a wedding ceremony as we have in our culture today. According to the Bible, the wedding was a feast for all while the bride and groom consummated their Marriage Covenant. The best man stood outside the huppah preventing others from interrupting the completion of the Marriage Covenant. When the groom called to the best man that the covenant was complete, the bedsheet was presented to the gathering to prove the bride had not been married to anyone else. The crowd then celebrated this blood-stained sheet because it meant the bride was excellent and the community and culture of the gathered guests would be able to continue.

9and he that bade thee and him shall come and say to thee, Give this man place; and then thou shalt begin with shame to take the lowest place.

10But when thou art bidden, go and sit down in the lowest place; that when he that hath bidden thee cometh, he may say to thee, Friend, go up higher: then shalt thou have glory in the presence of all that sit at meat with thee.

11For every one that exalteth himself shall be humbled; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted.

9And he that bade thee and him come and say to thee, Give this man place; and thou begin with shame to take the lowest room.

10But when thou art bidden, go and sit down in the lowest room; that when he that bade thee cometh, he may say unto thee, Friend, go up higher: then shalt thou have worship in the presence of them that sit at meat with thee.

11For whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted.

Commentary · verses 9-11

Doctrine: Justice. Everything will be equaled out at Final Judgment, not while we are here on earth. In fact, since it will not be equaled out here, we ought to humble ourselves so that we will get a Reward at Final Judgment. Humility is the ability to consider any perspective, including that you could be wrong.

Doctrines on this passage

12And he said to him also that had bidden him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, nor thy kinsmen, nor rich neighbors; lest haply they also bid thee again, and a recompense be made thee.

13But when thou makest a feast, bid the poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind: 14and thou shalt be blessed; because they have not wherewith to recompense thee: for thou shalt be recompensed in the resurrection of the just.

12Then said he also to him that bade him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, neither thy kinsmen, nor thy rich neighbours; lest they also bid thee again, and a recompence be made thee.

13But when thou makest a feast, call the poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind:

14And thou shalt be blessed; for they cannot recompense thee: for thou shalt be recompensed at the resurrection of the just.

Commentary · verses 12-14

Doctrine: Reward. If we give to those who are able to give back, nothing is gained eternally. However, if we give to those who cannot pay us back, we will gain Reward "at the resurrection of the just." The resurrection of the Just is the Final Judgment.

15And when one of them that sat at meat with him heard these things, he said unto him, Blessed is he that shall eat bread in the kingdom of God.

15And when one of them that sat at meat with him heard these things, he said unto him, Blessed is he that shall eat bread in the kingdom of God.

Commentary · verse 15

In response to Jesus' teaching, a man agreed with Jesus by stating those who will be at the wedding feast in the Kingdom of God will be blessed. Jesus' response was documented in Verses 16-24 which covered the Parable of the Great Supper.

16But he said unto him, A certain man made a great supper; and he bade many: 17and he sent forth his servant at supper time to say to them that were bidden, Come; for all things are now ready.

16Then said he unto him, A certain man made a great supper, and bade many:

17And sent his servant at supper time to say to them that were bidden, Come; for all things are now ready.

Commentary · verses 16-17

Doctrine: God the Father is the one who will make a great supper for Jesus' Marriage to the Bride after Final Judgment.

18And they all with one consent began to make excuse. The first said unto him, I have bought a field, and I must needs go out and see it; I pray thee have me excused.

19And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them; I pray thee have me excused.

20And another said, I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.

18And they all with one consent began to make excuse. The first said unto him, I have bought a piece of ground, and I must needs go and see it: I pray thee have me excused.

19And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them: I pray thee have me excused.

20And another said, I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.

Commentary · verses 18-20

Doctrine: God invited the Jews throughout the Old Testament, but they (as a community) rejected this invitation.

21And the servant came, and told his lord these things. Then the master of the house being angry said to his servant, Go out quickly into the streets and lanes of the city, and bring in hither the poor and maimed and blind and lame.

21So that servant came, and shewed his lord these things. Then the master of the house being angry said to his servant, Go out quickly into the streets and lanes of the city, and bring in hither the poor, and the maimed, and the halt, and the blind.

Commentary · verse 21

Doctrine: God invited people outside of the Jewish Community.

22And the servant said, Lord, what thou didst command is done, and yet there is room.

23And the lord said unto the servant, Go out into the highways and hedges, and constrain them to come in, that my house may be filled.

22And the servant said, Lord, it is done as thou hast commanded, and yet there is room.

23And the lord said unto the servant, Go out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may be filled.

Commentary · verses 22-23

Doctrine: There is a necessary number to fill God's Supper. God will not have the supper until He knows that His House is filled. His House is the new Jerusalem.

24For I say unto you, that none of those men that were bidden shall taste of my supper.

24For I say unto you, That none of those men which were bidden shall taste of my supper.

Commentary · verse 24

Doctrine: God's call reaches everyone. It is our responsibility to answer. It is possible to reject God's drawing on the individual.

25Now there went with him great multitudes: and he turned, and said unto them, 26If any man cometh unto me, and hateth not his own father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own life also, he cannot be my disciple.

25And there went great multitudes with him: and he turned, and said unto them,

26If any man come to me, and hate not his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own life also, he cannot be my disciple.

Commentary · verses 25-26

Doctrine: The word "hate" meant "to love less." This meant we must love Christ more than our father, mother, wife, children, etc. in order to be His disciple. This was one of the few verses that included "wife" in the list.

27Whosoever doth not bear his own cross, and come after me, cannot be my disciple.

28For which of you, desiring to build a tower, doth not first sit down and count the cost, whether he have wherewith to complete it?

27And whosoever doth not bear his cross, and come after me, cannot be my disciple.

28For which of you, intending to build a tower, sitteth not down first, and counteth the cost, whether he have sufficient to finish it?

Commentary · verses 27-28

Doctrine: God does not move until He knows all of the resources are in place. When we do not hear direction from God, it can be due to the necessary resources/circumstances not being in place, either because of ourselves or others. Also, in conjunction with the previous comments from Jesus: God is not going to have His "supper" until His "house is full." Finally, we ought to look long term and not begin an objective until we know that the objective is in our control and we have the means to finish it.

29Lest haply, when he hath laid a foundation, and is not able to finish, all that behold begin to mock him, 30saying, This man began to build, and was not able to finish.

31Or what king, as he goeth to encounter another king in war, will not sit down first and take counsel whether he is able with ten thousand to meet him that cometh against him with twenty thousand?

32Or else, while the other is yet a great way off, he sendeth an ambassage, and asketh conditions of peace.

33So therefore whosoever he be of you that renounceth not all that he hath, he cannot be my disciple.

29Lest haply, after he hath laid the foundation, and is not able to finish it, all that behold it begin to mock him,

30Saying, This man began to build, and was not able to finish.

31Or what king, going to make war against another king, sitteth not down first, and consulteth whether he be able with ten thousand to meet him that cometh against him with twenty thousand?

32Or else, while the other is yet a great way off, he sendeth an ambassage, and desireth conditions of peace.

33So likewise, whosoever he be of you that forsaketh not all that he hath, he cannot be my disciple.

Commentary · verses 29-33

Doctrine: We ought to make new converts aware that following Christ means they have to be willing to give up everything. In order to be a disciple of Christ, we have to forsake all that we HAVE.

34Salt therefore is good: but if even the salt have lost its savor, wherewith shall it be seasoned?

35It is fit neither for the land nor for the dunghill: men cast it out. He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.

34Salt is good: but if the salt have lost his savour, wherewith shall it be seasoned?

35It is neither fit for the land, nor yet for the dunghill; but men cast it out. He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.

Doctrines on this passage

Where You Stopped

Luke 15

1Now all the publicans and sinners were drawing near unto him to hear him.

1Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.

Commentary · verse 1

Jesus' fame had grown to the point all the publicans and sinners drew near to Jesus to hear Him. Jesus had a tremendous following from the sinners instead of the religious leaders.

2And both the Pharisees and the scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.

2And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.

Commentary · verse 2

The Pharisees and Torah teachers thought they were speaking against Jesus by saying to each other in private (murmured) that Jesus ate with sinners.

3And he spake unto them this parable, saying, 4What man of you, having a hundred sheep, and having lost one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?

5And when he hath found it, he layeth it on his shoulders, rejoicing.

6And when he cometh home, he calleth together his friends and his neighbors, saying unto them, Rejoice with me, for I have found my sheep which was lost.

7I say unto you, that even so there shall be joy in heaven over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine righteous persons, who need no repentance.

3And he spake this parable unto them, saying,

4What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?

5And when he hath found it, he layeth it on his shoulders, rejoicing.

6And when he cometh home, he calleth together his friends and neighbours, saying unto them, Rejoice with me; for I have found my sheep which was lost.

7I say unto you, that likewise joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine just persons, which need no repentance.

Commentary · verses 3-7

Jesus told these religious leaders they did not understand what truly caused joy in heaven. There is joy in heaven when a lost soul is found.

Commentary · verses 8-10

Verses 8-10: the Parable of the Lost Coin.

8Or what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a lamp, and sweep the house, and seek diligently until she find it?

9And when she hath found it, she calleth together her friends and neighbors, saying, Rejoice with me, for I have found the piece which I had lost.

10Even so, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner that repenteth.

8Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a candle, and sweep the house, and seek diligently till she find it?

9And when she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours together, saying, Rejoice with me; for I have found the piece which I had lost.

10Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner that repenteth.

Commentary · verse 10

Jesus continued to use natural examples for God's spiritual perspective.

Commentary · verses 11-32

Verses 11-32: the Parable of the Prodigal Son.

11And he said, A certain man had two sons: 12and the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of thy substance that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his living.

11And he said, A certain man had two sons:

12And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his living.

Commentary · verse 12

The younger son took his inheritance.

13And not many days after, the younger son gathered all together and took his journey into a far country; and there he wasted his substance with riotous living.

13And not many days after the younger son gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living.

Commentary · verse 13

He wasted his inheritance "with riotous living"...focusing on the physical.

14And when he had spent all, there arose a mighty famine in that country; and he began to be in want.

15And he went and joined himself to one of the citizens of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine.

16And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.

14And when he had spent all, there arose a mighty famine in that land; and he began to be in want.

15And he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine.

16And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.

Commentary · verse 16

Remember, the Jews considered swine to be an unclean animal. This was as low as a person could get: wanting the food intended for an unclean animal, and not being able to have it.

17But when he came to himself he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread enough and to spare, and I perish here with hunger!

17And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger!

Commentary · verse 17

The younger son realized he would be better off as one of his father's servants than to die with hunger. He believed he deserved this role because he was his father's son, a spiritual reason.

18I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight: 19I am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.

18I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee,

19And am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.

Commentary · verse 19

He realized he had to deal with a spiritual issue in order to obtain this role as servant. Verse 18 was his confession. Verse 19 was his repentance, what he would do to make up for his sin.

20And he arose, and came to his father. But while he was yet afar off, his father saw him, and was moved with compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.

20And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.

Commentary · verse 20

The younger son went to his father but when he was still far away, his father saw him. His father must have been watching for him. Also, the father must have been able to see the youngest son's humble attitude from a distance because the father had compassion before the son spoke. Notice, the youngest son was not coming back proud as if he was better off. The youngest son was so humble it showed in how he came back.

21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight: I am no more worthy to be called thy son.

21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called thy son.

Commentary · verse 21

The father first showed compassion. The younger son could have acted like everything was fine. However, the younger son chose to continue to humble himself, confess his sin, and repent. The younger son truly had a change of heart.

Doctrines on this passage

22But the father said to his servants, Bring forth quickly the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet: 23and bring the fatted calf, and kill it, and let us eat, and make merry: 24for this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry.

22But the father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet:

23And bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and let us eat, and be merry:

24For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry.

Commentary · verse 24

The father had a feast because his younger son was lost (physical focus with a hard heart) and now was found (spiritual focus with a humble heart). The father restored the youngest son to the status of being a son and not a servant. Notice, at the beginning of this story, the younger son proved he was not a believer and the father confirmed this was his belief because he said the son was lost but was now found, now a believer.

Doctrine: Forgive unbelievers immediately; do not argue with them. At the beginning of the story, the father did not argue with the younger son; he immediately let him go, he let the son be more destructive so the son would realize the error of his ways more quickly. He didn't go out to find him.

25Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard music and dancing.

26And he called to him one of the servants, and inquired what these things might be.

27And he said unto him, Thy brother is come; and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe and sound.

25Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard musick and dancing.

26And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant.

27And he said unto him, Thy brother is come; and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe and sound.

Commentary · verse 27

The elder son wanted to know what was going on while he was working in the field. He heard the feast and was unaware of why the festivities were taking place.

28But he was angry, and would not go in: and his father came out, and entreated him.

28And he was angry, and would not go in: therefore came his father out, and intreated him.

Commentary · verse 28

The elder son became angry to the point that he would not receive his repentant brother. The father had to go out to the eldest son. Notice, the father did initiate reaching out to the "believer."

29But he answered and said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, and I never transgressed a commandment of thine; and yet thou never gavest me a kid, that I might make merry with my friends: 30but when this thy son came, who hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou killedst for him the fatted calf.

29And he answering said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, neither transgressed I at any time thy commandment: and yet thou never gavest me a kid, that I might make merry with my friends:

30But as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf.

Commentary · verse 30

The eldest son's response to his father coming out to him was to accuse his father! Notice, the youngest son was not accusing his brother, the subject of his statements of judgment was the father and himself. The elder son is in danger of becoming an "unbeliever."

31And he said unto him, Son, thou art ever with me, and all that is mine is thine.

31And he said unto him, Son, thou art ever with me, and all that I have is thine.

Commentary · verse 31

The father's response to being accused was to state an encouraging fact: it is all yours. He also was teaching the eldest son a point that he missed: you could have this feast anytime you want if you had pursued me, if you had asked.

Doctrine: The father confronted the older son because the older son was a believer. In the next set of chapters, we will see Jesus said in Luke 17:3 we must confront the believer with their sin and if they repent we must forgive. The younger son repented and the older son was now sinning because he did not forgive. Notice, this also means God through the Holy Spirit will confront believers about their sin.

32But it was meet to make merry and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive again; and was lost, and is found.

32It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive again; and was lost, and is found.

Commentary · verse 32

Then the father taught the eldest son the point he had overlooked: your brother has improved from his former condition. The father was aware that the younger son had sinned. However, he was a forgiving father when his sons made progress. So how much more would this father give to the eldest son if he continued to make progress? This story was a lot like Cain and Abel. We ought to focus on our individual fellowship with God rather than focus on others and their fellowship with God. However, notice this parable finished with the elder son becoming an unbeliever because he didn't rejoice over the repentance of his unbelieving brother. Just like the Pharisees had become unbelievers because they weren't rejoicing over the sinners that were repenting to God because of Jesus.

This day's reading covered several parables from Jesus as His fame increased while He continued to heal people on the Sabbath. This day's reading began with Pharisees wondering why Jesus healed sinners on the Sabbath and ended with Jesus telling a parable that proved the Pharisees were unbelievers because they didn't rejoice over sinners repenting.

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