Reading Plan · Day 17
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Exodus 1-3
Day 17
About Exodus
The Book of Exodus was the second book of the Old Testament and occurred about 400 years after the conclusion of the Book of Genesis. Exodus documented the events from the Israelites' request to worship God in the wilderness and leaving Egypt to the setting up of the tabernacle so they could worship God in the wilderness. These events occurred in the span of just over a year. The Book of Exodus presented the circumstances that concluded the 4th Dispensation and introduced the 5th Dispensation (The Law). This dispensation of the Law was in place throughout the rest of the Old Testament. Prior to the events recorded in this book, there was not an objective set of rules for societal behavior. The Book of Exodus was the second of five books written by Moses that made up the section of the Old Testament known as the Torah. The first book (Genesis) documented God's blessings/provision and man's rejection. This second book (Exodus) documented Israel's redemption.
Day 17 Read
Where You Stopped
Exodus 1
1Now these are the names of the sons of Israel, who came into Egypt (every man and his household came with Jacob): 2Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, 3Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin, 4Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher.
5And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls: and Joseph was in Egypt already.
1Now these are the names of the children of Israel, which came into Egypt; every man and his household came with Jacob.
2Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah,
3Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin,
4Dan, and Naphtali, Gad, and Asher.
5And all the souls that came out of the loins of Jacob were seventy souls: for Joseph was in Egypt already.
Commentary · verses 1-5
6And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.
7And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was filled with them.
6And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.
7And the children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty; and the land was filled with them.
Commentary · verses 6-7
The children of Israel were profitable in Egypt during the 4th Dispensation.
8Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.
8Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.
Commentary · verse 8
However, the 4th Dispensation did not continue with God reaching other nations through the patriarchs. By the time of the beginning of this book, Egypt had a new Pharaoh who did not know Joseph. Some people believe this Pharaoh was not Egyptian. For example, Josephus believed he was the Syrian of Isaiah 52:4. This may explain why this Pharaoh did not know about Joseph and Joseph's God.
9And he said unto his people, Behold, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we:
9And he said unto his people, Behold, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we:
Commentary · verse 9
Israel outnumbered Egypt.
10come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.
10Come on, let us deal wisely with them; lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there falleth out any war, they join also unto our enemies, and fight against us, and so get them up out of the land.
Commentary · verse 10
Rather than this other nation (Egypt) being drawn to God through Israel, they were threatened by Israel.
11Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh store-cities, Pithom and Raamses.
11Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses.
Commentary · verse 11
Egypt "bossed" Israel. Leadership is facilitating the purpose and progress of others. The Egyptians were facilitating their own purpose and progress at the expense of the Israelites.
12But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread abroad. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.
12But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.
Commentary · verse 12
The Egyptians loathed the Israelites. The Egyptian bosses were short term minded. Their solution to loathing the Israelites was to afflict them more which only made the Israelites grow more.
13And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigor: 14and they made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field, all their service, wherein they made them serve with rigor.
13And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour:
14And they made their lives bitter with hard bondage, in morter, and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field: all their service, wherein they made them serve, was with rigour.
Commentary · verses 13-14
Notice, the Israelites worked against their will to make "towers" (pyramids) out of brick and mortar. Remember in Genesis 11, all the inhabitants of the earth during the 3rd Dispensation worked together with one mind and one language to build a city they could all live in that would reach up to God; to live in paradise for eternity with God. This was man's version of the Bride/new Jerusalem. Here, men of one language were forced to work for men of another language to build a structure out of brick that reached up to God, that was intended for one man (Pharaoh) to be buried in so that he could experience eternity in paradise with "God."
15And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah:
15And the king of Egypt spake to the Hebrew midwives, of which the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah:
Commentary · verse 15
There were only two Hebrew midwives. These women would have assisted the pregnant Hebrew women when birthing their children.
16and he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the birth-stool; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.
17But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men-children alive.
16And he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the stools; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him: but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.
17But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men children alive.
Commentary · verses 16-17
The midwives were commanded to kill the sons of Israel. They disobeyed.
18And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them, Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men-children alive?
19And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwife come unto them.
20And God dealt well with the midwives: and the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty.
18And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them, Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men children alive?
19And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwives come in unto them.
20Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty.
Commentary · verses 18-20
Because the midwives supported the Hebrews, God blessed them.
21And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them households.
22And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.
21And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses.
22And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.
Commentary · verses 21-22
Remember this point throughout this story: Egypt's Pharaoh killed Israel's newborn sons.
Where You Stopped
Exodus 2
1And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi.
1And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi.
Commentary · verse 1
Thus began the story of Moses. Notice, Moses was of the tribe of Levi.
2And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.
2And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.
Commentary · verse 2
This story was referenced in Hebrews 11:23 as proof that Moses was an example of faith to us.
3And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch; and she put the child therein, and laid it in the flags by the river’s brink.
3And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river’s brink.
Commentary · verse 3
This was symbolic of Noah's Ark (2nd Dispensation). Moses was an Israeli son that was saved while other sons were killed.
4And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.
5And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to bathe at the river; and her maidens walked along by the river-side; and she saw the ark among the flags, and sent her handmaid to fetch it.
6And she opened it, and saw the child: and, behold, the babe wept. And she had compassion on him, and said, This is one of the Hebrews’ children.
4And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.
5And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to wash herself at the river; and her maidens walked along by the river’s side; and when she saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to fetch it.
6And when she had opened it, she saw the child: and, behold, the babe wept. And she had compassion on him, and said, This is one of the Hebrews’ children.
Commentary · verses 4-6
She knew it was a Hebrew child. This was probably because Moses was circumcised.
7Then said his sister to Pharaoh’s daughter, Shall I go and call thee a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for thee?
8And Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, Go. And the maiden went and called the child’s mother.
9And Pharaoh’s daughter said unto her, Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages. And the woman took the child, and nursed it.
10And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh’s daughter, and he became her son. And she called his name Moses, and said, Because I drew him out of the water.
7Then said his sister to Pharaoh’s daughter, Shall I go and call to thee a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for thee?
8And Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, Go. And the maid went and called the child’s mother.
9And Pharaoh’s daughter said unto her, Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages. And the woman took the child, and nursed it.
10And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh’s daughter, and he became her son. And she called his name Moses: and she said, Because I drew him out of the water.
Commentary · verses 7-10
"Moses" meant "drawn." The Ibn Ezra (commentary from a twelfth century Rabbi) stated that Pharaoh's daughter gave the name Munius which the Torah translated into the Hebrew as Moshe ("Moses"). Moses was an Egyptian name.
11And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown up, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he saw an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew, one of his brethren.
11And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he spied an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew, one of his brethren.
Commentary · verse 11
Moses knew he was a Hebrew.
12And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he smote the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.
12And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.
Commentary · verse 12
Moses was a murderer and he tried to hide it.
13And he went out the second day, and, behold, two men of the Hebrews were striving together: and he said to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?
14And he said, Who made thee a prince and a judge over us? thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses feared, and said, Surely the thing is known.
13And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?
14And he said, Who made thee a prince and a judge over us? intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses feared, and said, Surely this thing is known.
Commentary · verses 13-14
Moses found out that people knew he was a murderer. Moses' own people feared him.
15Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian: and he sat down by a well.
15Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian: and he sat down by a well.
Commentary · verse 15
Pharaoh wanted to kill Moses. This verse was referenced in Hebrews 11:24-25 as proof that Moses was an example of faith to us.
16Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters: and they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.
16Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters: and they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.
Commentary · verse 16
Moses' father-in-law was a priest of Midian.
17And the shepherds came and drove them away; but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered their flock.
18And when they came to Reuel their father, he said, How is it that ye are come so soon to-day?
19And they said, An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and moreover he drew water for us, and watered the flock.
17And the shepherds came and drove them away: but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered their flock.
18And when they came to Reuel their father, he said, How is it that ye are come so soon to day?
19And they said, An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and also drew water enough for us, and watered the flock.
Commentary · verses 17-19
Moses helped the shepherds. They believed Moses to be an Egyptian.
20And he said unto his daughters, And where is he? why is it that ye have left the man? call him, that he may eat bread.
21And Moses was content to dwell with the man: and he gave Moses Zipporah his daughter.
22And she bare a son, and he called his name Gershom; for he said, I have been a sojourner in a foreign land.
20And he said unto his daughters, And where is he? why is it that ye have left the man? call him, that he may eat bread.
21And Moses was content to dwell with the man: and he gave Moses Zipporah his daughter.
22And she bare him a son, and he called his name Gershom: for he said, I have been a stranger in a strange land.
Commentary · verses 20-22
Gershom was Moses' first son. "Gershom" meant "foreigner."
23And it came to pass in the course of those many days, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.
24And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
23And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.
24And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
Commentary · verses 23-24
Pharaoh died. God heard the groan of His people and remembered His Covenant. The word "remembered" meant that God "consciously thought about" the Covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
25And God saw the children of Israel, and God took knowledge of them.
25And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect unto them.
Where You Stopped
Exodus 3
1Now Moses was keeping the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the back of the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, unto Horeb.
1Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
Commentary · verse 1
Moses was a shepherd in the wilderness, which sounded like practice for his future occupation. "Horeb" meant "desert" and was another name for Mount Sinai.
2And the angel of Jehovah appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
2And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
Commentary · verse 2
The famous burning bush.
3And Moses said, I will turn aside now, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.
4And when Jehovah saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And he said, Here am I.
3And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.
4And when the LORD saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And he said, Here am I.
Commentary · verses 3-4
The bush caught Moses' attention. He wanted to investigate. God said Moses' name twice.
5And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
5And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
Commentary · verse 5
The place there was "holy ground." Holy meant "of one substance; set apart."
6Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.
7And Jehovah said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
6Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.
7And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
Commentary · verses 6-7
God perceived the sorrows of His people.
8and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
8And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
Commentary · verse 8
God told Moses His objective: God would facilitate Israel's exit from Egypt to bring them to the Promised Land.
9And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: moreover I have seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
10Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
9Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
10Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
Commentary · verses 9-10
God told Moses His objective a second time.
11And Moses said unto God, Who am I, that I should go unto Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?
12And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be the token unto thee, that I have sent thee: when thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
11And Moses said unto God, Who am I, that I should go unto Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?
12And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
Commentary · verses 11-12
God told Moses of a token for the Covenant.
13And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? What shall I say unto them?
14And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.
15And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, Jehovah, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
13And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them?
14And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.
15And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
Commentary · verses 13-15
I AM; Jehovah; The Existing One
16Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them, Jehovah, the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, hath appeared unto me, saying, I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt:
16Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, appeared unto me, saying, I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt:
Commentary · verse 16
Moses was supposed to gather the elders and inform them that God perceived what was happening to the Israelites.
17and I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, unto a land flowing with milk and honey.
17And I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, unto a land flowing with milk and honey.
Commentary · verse 17
In addition, God would help them move forward to the land He promised them.
18And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, Jehovah, the God of the Hebrews, hath met with us: and now let us go, we pray thee, three days’ journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to Jehovah our God.
19And I know that the king of Egypt will not give you leave to go, no, not by a mighty hand.
18And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath met with us: and now let us go, we beseech thee, three days’ journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.
19And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by a mighty hand.
Commentary · verses 18-19
God already knew that the king of Egypt would not let the Israelites leave. It sounded like Pharaoh's heart was already hard.
20And I will put forth my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.
21And I will give this people favor in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty.
22But every woman shall ask of her neighbor, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall despoil the Egyptians.
20And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.
21And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:
22But every woman shall borrow of her neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.
Commentary · verses 20-22
God laid out the entire plan to Moses ahead of time. God stated His objective (WHAT) and the cause (WHY). The only part that was left was specifically HOW God would do this...
Commentary · verse 22
This day's reading introduced the events that occurred in Egypt about 400 years after the conclusion of the Book of Genesis. A Pharaoh arose that was threatened by the prosperous and numerous Israelites. The Israelites were put into slavery. A Hebrew (Moses) was raised in Pharaoh's house and went into exile after murdering an Egyptian. God revealed Himself to Moses and told him His objective to deliver the Israelites from Egypt.
Seventy people from Jacob's family came to Egypt to live during the famine.