Acts
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Acts 23
Acts 23
1And Paul, looking stedfastly on the council, said, Brethren, I have lived before God in all good conscience until this day.
1And Paul, earnestly beholding the council, said, Men and brethren, I have lived in all good conscience before God until this day.
Commentary · verse 1
2And the high priest Ananias commanded them that stood by him to smite him on the mouth.
2And the high priest Ananias commanded them that stood by him to smite him on the mouth.
Commentary · verse 2
Ananias commanded that Paul was struck on the mouth.
3Then said Paul unto him, God shall smite thee, thou whited wall: and sittest thou to judge me according to the law, and commandest me to be smitten contrary to the law?
3Then said Paul unto him, God shall smite thee, thou whited wall: for sittest thou to judge me after the law, and commandest me to be smitten contrary to the law?
Commentary · verse 3
Paul showed Ananias that he was contradicting the Law. Judging is the act of equaling out Justice. Ananias had judged Paul when he commanded Paul to be struck.
4And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God’s high priest?
5And Paul said, I knew not, brethren, that he was high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of a ruler of thy people.
4And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God’s high priest?
5Then said Paul, I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people.
Commentary · verses 4-5
They asked Paul if he was disrespecting the high priest. Paul stated he did not know Ananias was the high priest and then quoted Exodus 22:28 to prove he would not disrespect any ruler (leader/administrator) over God's people.
6But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Brethren, I am a Pharisee, a son of Pharisees: touching the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.
6But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.
Commentary · verse 6
Paul realized the council was made up of two groups that were divided by a key Doctrine: the resurrection of the dead. Paul changed his strategy and presented the Gospel in light of this Doctrine.
7And when he had so said, there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and Sadducees; and the assembly was divided.
8For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit; but the Pharisees confess both.
9And there arose a great clamor: and some of the scribes of the Pharisees’ part stood up, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: and what if a spirit hath spoken to him, or an angel?
7And when he had so said, there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and the Sadducees: and the multitude was divided.
8For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.
9And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees’ part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but if a spirit or an angel hath spoken to him, let us not fight against God.
Commentary · verses 7-9
Paul was speaking of Jesus' resurrection. However, the Pharisees used Paul to justify their Doctrine, and they said they found no evil in Paul.
10And when there arose a great dissension, the chief captain, fearing lest Paul should be torn in pieces by them, commanded the soldiers to go down and take him by force from among them, and bring him into the castle.
10And when there arose a great dissension, the chief captain, fearing lest Paul should have been pulled in pieces of them, commanded the soldiers to go down, and to take him by force from among them, and to bring him into the castle.
Commentary · verse 10
The Roman chief captain then had to rescue Paul from this crowd because they began fighting with each other and the captain was afraid Paul would get killed.
11And the night following the Lord stood by him, and said, Be of good cheer: for as thou hast testified concerning me at Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome.
11And the night following the Lord stood by him, and said, Be of good cheer, Paul: for as thou hast testified of me in Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome.
Commentary · verse 11
Jesus stood by Paul in the night and assured him that he would bear witness in Rome. Christ gave Paul confirmation that he would enter Rome. Again, Paul would not have been able to do this if he was not a Roman citizen.
12And when it was day, the Jews banded together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying that they would neither eat nor drink till they had killed Paul.
13And they were more than forty that made this conspiracy.
14And they came to the chief priests and the elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, to taste nothing until we have killed Paul.
15Now therefore do ye with the council signify to the chief captain that he bring him down unto you, as though ye would judge of his case more exactly: and we, before he comes near, are ready to slay him.
12And when it was day, certain of the Jews banded together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying that they would neither eat nor drink till they had killed Paul.
13And they were more than forty which had made this conspiracy.
14And they came to the chief priests and elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, that we will eat nothing until we have slain Paul.
15Now therefore ye with the council signify to the chief captain that he bring him down unto you to morrow, as though ye would enquire something more perfectly concerning him: and we, or ever he come near, are ready to kill him.
Commentary · verses 12-15
Forty men vowed to not eat or drink until they killed Paul. These men went to the chief priests and elders telling them to request a meeting with Paul from the chief captain.
16But Paul’s sister’s son heard of their lying in wait, and he came and entered into the castle and told Paul.
16And when Paul’s sister’s son heard of their lying in wait, he went and entered into the castle, and told Paul.
Commentary · verse 16
Paul's nephew told Paul of the conspiracy against him.
17And Paul called unto him one of the centurions, and said, Bring this young man unto the chief captain; for he hath something to tell him.
18So he took him, and brought him to the chief captain, and saith, Paul the prisoner called me unto him, and asked me to bring this young man unto thee, who hath something to say to thee.
19And the chief captain took him by the hand, and going aside asked him privately, What is it that thou hast to tell me?
20And he said, The Jews have agreed to ask thee to bring down Paul to-morrow unto the council, as though thou wouldest inquire somewhat more exactly concerning him.
21Do not thou therefore yield unto them: for there lie in wait for him of them more than forty men, who have bound themselves under a curse, neither to eat nor to drink till they have slain him: and now are they ready, looking for the promise from thee.
17Then Paul called one of the centurions unto him, and said, Bring this young man unto the chief captain: for he hath a certain thing to tell him.
18So he took him, and brought him to the chief captain, and said, Paul the prisoner called me unto him, and prayed me to bring this young man unto thee, who hath something to say unto thee.
19Then the chief captain took him by the hand, and went with him aside privately, and asked him, What is that thou hast to tell me?
20And he said, The Jews have agreed to desire thee that thou wouldest bring down Paul to morrow into the council, as though they would enquire somewhat of him more perfectly.
21But do not thou yield unto them: for there lie in wait for him of them more than forty men, which have bound themselves with an oath, that they will neither eat nor drink till they have killed him: and now are they ready, looking for a promise from thee.
Commentary · verses 17-21
Paul sent his nephew to tell the chief captain about the conspiracy.
22So the chief captain let the young man go, charging him, Tell no man that thou hast signified these things to me.
23And he called unto him two of the centurions, and said, Make ready two hundred soldiers to go as far as Cæsarea, and horsemen threescore and ten, and spearmen two hundred, at the third hour of the night: 24and he bade them provide beasts, that they might set Paul thereon, and bring him safe unto Felix the governor.
22So the chief captain then let the young man depart, and charged him, See thou tell no man that thou hast shewed these things to me.
23And he called unto him two centurions, saying, Make ready two hundred soldiers to go to Cesarea, and horsemen threescore and ten, and spearmen two hundred, at the third hour of the night;
24And provide them beasts, that they may set Paul on, and bring him safe unto Felix the governor.
Commentary · verses 22-24
The chief captain took extra care to protect Paul by sending him to Felix in Caesarea. Felix was a Roman governor of Judea appointed by the emperor Claudius in A.D. 53.
Commentary · verse 24
From Jerusalem to Caesarea started Paul's Journey to Rome.
25And he wrote a letter after this form:
25And he wrote a letter after this manner:
Commentary · verse 25
The chief captain even wrote a letter.
26Claudius Lysias unto the most excellent governor Felix, greeting.
27This man was seized by the Jews, and was about to be slain of them, when I came upon them with the soldiers and rescued him, having learned that he was a Roman.
28And desiring to know the cause wherefore they accused him, I brought him down unto their council: 29whom I found to be accused about questions of their law, but to have nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bonds.
30And when it was shown to me that there would be a plot against the man, I sent him to thee forthwith, charging his accusers also to speak against him before thee.
26Claudius Lysias unto the most excellent governor Felix sendeth greeting.
27This man was taken of the Jews, and should have been killed of them: then came I with an army, and rescued him, having understood that he was a Roman.
28And when I would have known the cause wherefore they accused him, I brought him forth into their council:
29Whom I perceived to be accused of questions of their law, but to have nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bonds.
30And when it was told me how that the Jews laid wait for the man, I sent straightway to thee, and gave commandment to his accusers also to say before thee what they had against him. Farewell.
Commentary · verses 26-30
The chief captain's name was Claudius Lysias. In his letter to Felix we learn Claudius also told Paul's accusers to go to Felix to speak against Paul. Claudius' account matched Luke's account.
31So the soldiers, as it was commanded them, took Paul and brought him by night to Antipatris.
32But on the morrow they left the horsemen to go with him, and returned to the castle: 33and they, when they came to Cæsarea and delivered the letter to the governor, presented Paul also before him.
31Then the soldiers, as it was commanded them, took Paul, and brought him by night to Antipatris.
32On the morrow they left the horsemen to go with him, and returned to the castle:
33Who, when they came to Cesarea, and delivered the epistle to the governor, presented Paul also before him.
Commentary · verses 31-33
Paul was brought by the soldiers at night to Antipatris which was on their way to Caesarea.
34And when he had read it, he asked of what province he was; and when he understood that he was of Cilicia, 35I will hear thee fully, said he, when thine accusers also are come: and he commanded him to be kept in Herod’s palace.
34And when the governor had read the letter, he asked of what province he was. And when he understood that he was of Cilicia;
35I will hear thee, said he, when thine accusers are also come. And he commanded him to be kept in Herod’s judgment hall.
Commentary · verses 34-35
Felix would not hear until Paul's accusers were also there. Paul was kept in Herod's palace. Herod's judgment hall which was the palace built at Caesarea by Herod and was occupied by the Roman governors.
Paul "looked steadfastly" (to fix the eyes on, gaze upon) on the council and pleaded his case.