Acts
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Acts 22
Acts 22
Commentary · verses 1-21
1Brethren and fathers, hear ye the defence which I now make unto you.
2And when they heard that he spake unto them in the Hebrew language, they were the more quiet: and he saith,
1Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defence which I make now unto you.
2(And when they heard that he spake in the Hebrew tongue to them, they kept the more silence: and he saith,)
Commentary · verse 2
He spoke in Hebrew which caused them to keep silent.
3I am a Jew, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but brought up in this city, at the feet of Gamaliel, instructed according to the strict manner of the law of our fathers, being zealous for God, even as ye all are this day:
3I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet brought up in this city at the feet of Gamaliel, and taught according to the perfect manner of the law of the fathers, and was zealous toward God, as ye all are this day.
Commentary · verse 3
Gamaliel taught Paul. Gamaliel was a doctor of the Law and a Pharisee (see Acts 5:34) that was respected enough to convince the Jews' council to consider that the Disciples may be hearing from God and the Jews would actually be fighting God. Some scholars say that Paul being taught by Gamaliel was comparable to Moses growing up and being taught in the Egyptian culture. Meaning Paul and Moses both were taught by the same people who they eventually would speak against.
4and I persecuted this Way unto the death, binding and delivering into prisons both men and women.
4And I persecuted this way unto the death, binding and delivering into prisons both men and women.
Commentary · verse 4
Paul admitted he persecuted believers before his conversion, even to martyring Christians. Do not forget, Paul was, in his words, "the chief of sinners": 1 Timothy 1:15.
5As also the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the estate of the elders: from whom also I received letters unto the brethren, and journeyed to Damascus to bring them also that were there unto Jerusalem in bonds to be punished.
6And it came to pass, that, as I made my journey, and drew nigh unto Damascus, about noon, suddenly there shone from heaven a great light round about me.
5As also the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the estate of the elders: from whom also I received letters unto the brethren, and went to Damascus, to bring them which were there bound unto Jerusalem, for to be punished.
6And it came to pass, that, as I made my journey, and was come nigh unto Damascus about noon, suddenly there shone from heaven a great light round about me.
Commentary · verse 6
Paul first shared his life before he met Christ. Then, Paul began to share his conversion experience.
7And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?
8And I answered, Who art thou, Lord? And he said unto me, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.
9And they that were with me beheld indeed the light, but they heard not the voice of him that spake to me.
10And I said, What shall I do, Lord? And the Lord said unto me, Arise, and go into Damascus; and there it shall be told thee of all things which are appointed for thee to do.
11And when I could not see for the glory of that light, being led by the hand of them that were with me I came into Damascus.
12And one Ananias, a devout man according to the law, well reported of by all the Jews that dwelt there, 13came unto me, and standing by me said unto me, Brother Saul, receive thy sight. And in that very hour I looked up on him.
7And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?
8And I answered, Who art thou, Lord? And he said unto me, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest.
9And they that were with me saw indeed the light, and were afraid; but they heard not the voice of him that spake to me.
10And I said, What shall I do, Lord? And the Lord said unto me, Arise, and go into Damascus; and there it shall be told thee of all things which are appointed for thee to do.
11And when I could not see for the glory of that light, being led by the hand of them that were with me, I came into Damascus.
12And one Ananias, a devout man according to the law, having a good report of all the Jews which dwelt there,
13Came unto me, and stood, and said unto me, Brother Saul, receive thy sight. And the same hour I looked up upon him.
Commentary · verse 13
Paul recognized Ananias, the man who God sent to Paul, was a devout man with a good reputation.
14And he said, The God of our fathers hath appointed thee to know his will, and to see the Righteous One, and to hear a voice from his mouth.
15For thou shalt be a witness for him unto all men of what thou hast seen and heard.
14And he said, The God of our fathers hath chosen thee, that thou shouldest know his will, and see that Just One, and shouldest hear the voice of his mouth.
15For thou shalt be his witness unto all men of what thou hast seen and heard.
Commentary · verse 15
Finally, Paul spoke of his life after meeting Christ: Ananias told Paul what God's purpose was for him. Paul shared his testimony by sharing:
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his life before Christ,
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his conversion experience, and
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his life after conversion.
16And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on his name.
17And it came to pass, that, when I had returned to Jerusalem, and while I prayed in the temple, I fell into a trance, 18and saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem; because they will not receive of thee testimony concerning me.
19And I said, Lord, they themselves know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee: 20and when the blood of Stephen thy witness was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting, and keeping the garments of them that slew him.
16And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.
17And it came to pass, that, when I was come again to Jerusalem, even while I prayed in the temple, I was in a trance;
18And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.
19And I said, Lord, they know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee:
20And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.
Commentary · verse 20
Paul himself confessed that he approved of Stephen's death (Acts 8:1) and kept the garments (coats) of those who killed Stephen.
21And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee forth far hence unto the Gentiles.
21And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles.
Commentary · verse 21
Paul stated that God told him to go to the Gentiles. How would the Jews respond?
22And they gave him audience unto this word; and they lifted up their voice, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live.
22And they gave him audience unto this word, and then lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live.
Commentary · verse 22
The mob listened to Paul until he said God told him to go to the Gentiles. Then they cried out that he should be taken away and he should be killed.
23And as they cried out, and threw off their garments, and cast dust into the air, 24the chief captain commanded him to be brought into the castle, bidding that he should be examined by scourging, that he might know for what cause they so shouted against him.
23And as they cried out, and cast off their clothes, and threw dust into the air,
24The chief captain commanded him to be brought into the castle, and bade that he should be examined by scourging; that he might know wherefore they cried so against him.
Commentary · verses 23-24
The government stepped in and prepared to scourge Paul.
25And when they had tied him up with the thongs, Paul said unto the centurion that stood by, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned?
25And as they bound him with thongs, Paul said unto the centurion that stood by, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man that is a Roman, and uncondemned?
Commentary · verse 25
Paul asked if it was lawful (Roman Law) for a Roman to be scourged without being first condemned. They did not know Paul was a Roman.
26And when the centurion heard it, he went to the chief captain and told him, saying, What art thou about to do? for this man is a Roman.
27And the chief captain came and said unto him, Tell me, art thou a Roman? And he said, Yea.
28And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this citizenship. And Paul said, But I am a Roman born.
26When the centurion heard that, he went and told the chief captain, saying, Take heed what thou doest: for this man is a Roman.
27Then the chief captain came, and said unto him, Tell me, art thou a Roman? He said, Yea.
28And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.
Commentary · verses 26-28
Paul was born in Tarsus which Julius Caesar granted Roman citizenship to all its inhabitants. This may have been a factor in Paul being selected by Jesus Christ to spread His Gospel. How many other high level Jewish religious leaders were also Roman citizens?
29They then that were about to examine him straightway departed from him: and the chief captain also was afraid when he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him.
29Then straightway they departed from him which should have examined him: and the chief captain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him.
Commentary · verse 29
The Roman soldier in charge was afraid when he found out Paul was a Roman. It was unlawful to judge a Roman citizen before he was tried. The authorities would have been imprisoned and perhaps sentenced to death, which was why the Roman chief captain was afraid.
30But on the morrow, desiring to know the certainty wherefore he was accused of the Jews, he loosed him, and commanded the chief priests and all the council to come together, and brought Paul down and set him before them.
30On the morrow, because he would have known the certainty wherefore he was accused of the Jews, he loosed him from his bands, and commanded the chief priests and all their council to appear, and brought Paul down, and set him before them.
Commentary · verse 30
The Roman chief captain had Paul set before the chief priests and their council so that he could find out what it was that Paul was specifically accused of.
Verses 1-21: Paul addressed the people after being bound by the Jews and given to the Romans. He told them of his life and his conversion.