Love
Doctrine #47: Forgiveness
Doctrine #47
Doctrine #47 Read
If someone wrongs you, how are you supposed to handle it? Let's say there is a husband and a wife who are in a fight. The husband says very hurtful things to the wife, she slams the door, and the conversation is over. Three days go by, they see each other, and they remember how much they really do love each other. They look into each other's eyes and see the person that they married, they embrace, and say, "I love you so much. I am so sorry, Honey."
State your will with a "Yes" or a "No": is this a Profitable way for a marriage to work?
Overview
The statement of your will that you won't equal out your own justice. Forgiveness allows God to equal out justice. Forgiveness benefits the forgiver. Forgiveness does not mean the forgiver has to forget and/or feel good about the forgiven person.
Discussion Question
Do you believe God forgets about our sin when He forgives us?
Scripture
1O Jehovah, thou God to whom vengeance belongeth, Thou God to whom vengeance belongeth, shine forth.
1O LORD God, to whom vengeance belongeth; O God, to whom vengeance belongeth, shew thyself.
Commentary
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verse 1
Vengeance was an effect of judgment. God was Just and judgment belonged to Him.
1The burden of Nineveh. The book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite.
2Jehovah is a jealous God and avengeth; Jehovah avengeth and is full of wrath; Jehovah taketh vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth wrath for his enemies.
1The burden of Nineveh. The book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite.
2God is jealous, and the LORD revengeth; the LORD revengeth, and is furious; the LORD will take vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth wrath for his enemies.
Commentary
This same point began the Book of Nahum. God does not think as a man. When He has wrath it is because it is Right and Just for Him to have wrath. We saw in Doctrine #33 Law that God rejoices over us regardless of our actions because He rejoices in the execution of justice. The next passage began with God stating recompense (justice) belongs to God alone...
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verse 1
The burden (a weighty or mournful prophecy) of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria. The name "Nahum" meant "comfort."
Commentary · verse 2
God was Just.
Deuteronomy 32:35-43
ChapterRead the ChapterChanges this passage only. Set your default for every passage.
35Vengeance is mine, and recompense, At the time when their foot shall slide: For the day of their calamity is at hand, And the things that are to come upon them shall make haste.
36For Jehovah will judge his people, And repent himself for his servants; When he seeth that their power is gone, And there is none remaining, shut up or left at large.
37And he will say, Where are their gods, The rock in which they took refuge; 38Which did eat the fat of their sacrifices, And drank the wine of their drink-offering? Let them rise up and help you, Let them be your protection.
39See now that I, even I, am he, And there is no god with me: I kill, and I make alive; I wound, and I heal; And there is none that can deliver out of my hand.
40For I lift up my hand to heaven, And say, As I live for ever, 41If I whet my glittering sword, And my hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to mine adversaries, And will recompense them that hate me.
42I will make mine arrows drunk with blood, And my sword shall devour flesh; With the blood of the slain and the captives, From the head of the leaders of the enemy.
43Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: For he will avenge the blood of his servants, And will render vengeance to his adversaries, And will make expiation for his land, for his people.
35To me belongeth vengeance, and recompence; their foot shall slide in due time: for the day of their calamity is at hand, and the things that shall come upon them make haste.
36For the LORD shall judge his people, and repent himself for his servants, when he seeth that their power is gone, and there is none shut up, or left.
37And he shall say, Where are their gods, their rock in whom they trusted,
38Which did eat the fat of their sacrifices, and drank the wine of their drink offerings? let them rise up and help you, and be your protection.
39See now that I, even I, am he, and there is no god with me: I kill, and I make alive; I wound, and I heal: neither is there any that can deliver out of my hand.
40For I lift up my hand to heaven, and say, I live for ever.
41If I whet my glittering sword, and mine hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me.
42I will make mine arrows drunk with blood, and my sword shall devour flesh; and that with the blood of the slain and of the captives, from the beginning of revenges upon the enemy.
43Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood of his servants, and will render vengeance to his adversaries, and will be merciful unto his land, and to his people.
Commentary
Justice belongs to God because He is Holy. He is Right and Just. God Does what He Says, and when He says He will execute justice, He will.
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verses 1-43
Verses 1-43: Moses' Song. This song will be sung to God in heaven in the end times, re: Revelation 15:3.
Commentary · verses 28-43
Verses 28-43: God stated His case and exhorts Israel.
Commentary · verse 36
Paul referenced this verse in Romans 12:19 and Hebrews 10:30-31 to make the same point as this passage: We ought to let God equal out Justice.
Commentary · verse 43
The imagery concluded with that of a conquering and victorious God. Imagery compatible with the end of the Bible, specifically the end of the Book of Revelation. Moses' Song was essentially the entire history of Israel's conflicts on earth, from Jacob to Jesus' return at the end of the Tribulation. The song was half history and half prophecy. Paul referenced verse 43 in Romans 15:10 and Hebrews 1:6.
1Jehovah reigneth; let the peoples tremble: He sitteth above the cherubim; let the earth be moved.
2Jehovah is great in Zion; And he is high above all the peoples.
3Let them praise thy great and terrible name: Holy is he.
4The king’s strength also loveth justice; Thou dost establish equity; Thou executest justice and righteousness in Jacob.
5Exalt ye Jehovah our God, And worship at his footstool: Holy is he.
6Moses and Aaron among his priests, And Samuel among them that call upon his name; They called upon Jehovah, and he answered them.
7He spake unto them in the pillar of cloud: They kept his testimonies, And the statute that he gave them.
8Thou answeredst them, O Jehovah our God: Thou wast a God that forgavest them, Though thou tookest vengeance of their doings.
9Exalt ye Jehovah our God, And worship at his holy hill; For Jehovah our God is holy.
1The LORD reigneth; let the people tremble: he sitteth between the cherubims; let the earth be moved.
2The LORD is great in Zion; and he is high above all the people.
3Let them praise thy great and terrible name; for it is holy.
4The king’s strength also loveth judgment; thou dost establish equity, thou executest judgment and righteousness in Jacob.
5Exalt ye the LORD our God, and worship at his footstool; for he is holy.
6Moses and Aaron among his priests, and Samuel among them that call upon his name; they called upon the LORD, and he answered them.
7He spake unto them in the cloudy pillar: they kept his testimonies, and the ordinance that he gave them.
8Thou answeredst them, O LORD our God: thou wast a God that forgavest them, though thou tookest vengeance of their inventions.
9Exalt the LORD our God, and worship at his holy hill; for the LORD our God is holy.
Commentary
God also forgives because it is Right and Just to do this when people recognize Him. God forgave them, but He still took vengeance on them because of what they did. Is that a contradiction? No. Remember, when reading a passage where God directly interacted with people, see what God did through the Eyes of Him being always and completely Right and always and completely Just. Does God forgive simply when people say, "O Jehovah our God" or was there something more people had to do?
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verse 1
God ruled over all. He was above the cherubim: angels.
Commentary · verses 2-5
The second time this psalm stated God was Holy.
Commentary · verses 6-7
God spoke to His people from the pillar of the cloud.
Commentary · verses 8-9
This psalm declared God's Holiness and encouraged the reader to praise Him and worship Him because He was Holy.
Leviticus 6:1-7
ChapterRead the ChapterChanges this passage only. Set your default for every passage.
1And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, 2If any one sin, and commit a trespass against Jehovah, and deal falsely with his neighbor in a matter of deposit, or of bargain, or of robbery, or have oppressed his neighbor, 3or have found that which was lost, and deal falsely therein, and swear to a lie; in any of all these things that a man doeth, sinning therein; 4then it shall be, if he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took by robbery, or the thing which he hath gotten by oppression, or the deposit which was committed to him, or the lost thing which he found, 5or any thing about which he hath sworn falsely; he shall even restore it in full, and shall add the fifth part more thereto: unto him to whom it appertaineth shall he give it, in the day of his being found guilty.
6And he shall bring his trespass-offering unto Jehovah, a ram without blemish out of the flock, according to thy estimation, for a trespass-offering, unto the priest: 7and the priest shall make atonement for him before Jehovah; and he shall be forgiven concerning whatsoever he doeth so as to be guilty thereby.
1And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
2If a soul sin, and commit a trespass against the LORD, and lie unto his neighbour in that which was delivered him to keep, or in fellowship, or in a thing taken away by violence, or hath deceived his neighbour;
3Or have found that which was lost, and lieth concerning it, and sweareth falsely; in any of all these that a man doeth, sinning therein:
4Then it shall be, because he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took violently away, or the thing which he hath deceitfully gotten, or that which was delivered him to keep, or the lost thing which he found,
5Or all that about which he hath sworn falsely; he shall even restore it in the principal, and shall add the fifth part more thereto, and give it unto him to whom it appertaineth, in the day of his trespass offering.
6And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the LORD, a ram without blemish out of the flock, with thy estimation, for a trespass offering, unto the priest:
7And the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD: and it shall be forgiven him for any thing of all that he hath done in trespassing therein.
Commentary
Under the Law, the person needed to confess and repent. They needed to restore the person and add something more. They needed to confess and repent to God with an offering. Remember, confession without repentance is deception, because it is a Right WHAT with No HOW/WHY (the DO not following the SAY). What does forgiveness look like to us today with principles?
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verses 1-30
This chapter continued the theme of chapters 4-7 which covered mandatory offerings concerned with offenses towards man.
Commentary · verses 1-7
Verses 1-7: More situations that required the guilt offering.
Commentary · verse 7
The Lord explained sinning between people. They needed to bring restitution plus 20% to the person. The offering was a ram which could be due to the issue having had monetary value.
Romans 12:14-21
ChapterRead the ChapterChanges this passage only. Set your default for every passage.
14Bless them that persecute you; bless, and curse not.
15Rejoice with them that rejoice; weep with them that weep.
16Be of the same mind one toward another. Set not your mind on high things, but condescend to things that are lowly. Be not wise in your own conceits.
17Render to no man evil for evil. Take thought for things honorable in the sight of all men.
18If it be possible, as much as in you lieth, be at peace with all men.
19Avenge not yourselves, beloved, but give place unto the wrath of God: for it is written, Vengeance belongeth unto me; I will recompense, saith the Lord.
20But if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him to drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire upon his head.
21Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.
14Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not.
15Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep.
16Be of the same mind one toward another. Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate. Be not wise in your own conceits.
17Recompense to no man evil for evil. Provide things honest in the sight of all men.
18If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men.
19Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.
20Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head.
21Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.
Commentary
Paul stated that we shouldn't take out our own justice, even when people are unjust to us. He said we should give more, because God will recompense, He is Just. This was something to DO. This was a principle (a benefit). This passage said to overcome evil with good, not with destruction: evening out our own justice. If we give more to people who are evil to us, we will deserve more through justice. If we forgive these people instead of taking out our own justice, then God can move against these people. Jesus said the same thing...
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verses 10-14
Commentary · verses 15-16
From the beginning of this chapter, we saw that humility was the key to valuing uniqueness which would result in unity in the Body.
Commentary · verses 17-19
Doctrine: Do not avenge yourself but forgive, which meant "to state your will that you will not equal out your own Justice, even if given the chance." This was humble. From the end of Chapter 1 and the beginning of Chapter 2, we saw that we are not supposed to judge. God is supposed to judge because God is Just. God will eventually equal out everything. That ought to cause us to think well of God, to recognize His value. Verse 19 referenced Deuteronomy 32:35.
Commentary · verse 20
Paul referenced half of Proverbs 25:21-22. Those verses explained two reasons we ought to love our enemies, two reasons why we ought to give to our enemies without expecting them to give back. Paul mentioned one of the reasons. Paul did not mention the other reason (as Jesus did) which stated that an effect of Love was receiving Reward from God through Justice. Jesus actually only mentioned that reason in Luke 6:35.
The reason Paul gave was that loving your enemy brought a heap of coals of fire on his head. Through Justice, your enemy would receive a punishment that moved them further towards a breaking point and hopefully turning to God.
Some have interpreted this verse as a benefit to your enemy because according to middle eastern tradition, live coals were placed on a metal plate and kept on one's head to warm them during their travel through the desert at night. This verse did not reference this "tradition." The word "heap" meant to pile up and completely cover, like when people were stoned. The phrase "coals of fire" meant a coal that was burning, not a live coal. The Bible distinguished between these two types of coals when Isaiah 6:6 spoke of a live coal being taken off of the altar by an angel in order to purify Isaiah's lips. Loving your enemy resulted in your enemy being completely covered with burning coals.
Commentary · verse 21
Doctrine: Overcome evil with good (love)! Paul just showed that if believers wanted Justice on their enemy, they ought to love (do good to) their enemy, and God would take vengeance on their enemy by heaping burning coals on their head. Forgiving is a statement that you will not take out your own Justice, which removes your enemy out from under mercy and allows God to judge them now for their benefit. How many Christians are humble enough to love their enemy and have faith that God will equal everything out through Justice? This verse was a perfect summary of everything Paul had written.
Theme of Chapter 12: Paul built on the foundation of the previous chapter which showed God reaching out to the Gentiles was intended to cause the Jews to pursue God more. Paul showed us that we ought to choose to love everyone and forgive so that God could equal out Justice for our benefit and the benefit of others who are no longer under mercy. We are not supposed to judge. We are supposed to let God judge which would cause us to think well of Him and see His value at an even greater level.
27But I say unto you that hear, Love your enemies, do good to them that hate you, 28bless them that curse you, pray for them that despitefully use you.
29To him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and from him that taketh away thy cloak withhold not thy coat also.
30Give to every one that asketh thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.
27But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,
28Bless them that curse you, and pray for them which despitefully use you.
29And unto him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that taketh away thy cloke forbid not to take thy coat also.
30Give to every man that asketh of thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.
Commentary
Jesus said to give more to people who abuse us: to forgive. When you love people that hate you, when you bless those that curse you, when you give people the other cheek when they hit you, you are being contrastive! You are not being comparative and giving them what they gave you, you are looking long term. Are we supposed to forgive everyone?
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verses 20-49
Verses 20-49: the Sermon on the Plain. Though similar in Doctrine, this was a different sermon than the Sermon on the Mount in Matthew 5-7.
Commentary · verse 27
Love your enemies.
Matthew 18:15-17
ChapterRead the ChapterChanges this passage only. Set your default for every passage.
15And if thy brother sin against thee, go, show him his fault between thee and him alone: if he hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother.
16But if he hear thee not, take with thee one or two more, that at the mouth of two witnesses or three every word may be established.
17And if he refuse to hear them, tell it unto the church: and if he refuse to hear the church also, let him be unto thee as the Gentile and the publican.
15Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother.
16But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.
17And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto the church: but if he neglect to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an heathen man and a publican.
Commentary
Why didn't Jesus say to forgive this person? Do you think people are more likely to go directly to the person that sinned against them, or do they tell other people first? There was another passage from Jesus that was similar to this passage that was more focused on forgiveness...
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verses 15-17
Verses 15-17 covered the process of how to deal with a believer who trespasses against you. The first step a believer is supposed to take after being trespassed against is different depending on if the person was a believer or an unbeliever. Christians are taught, by Jesus, to confront believers and forgive non-believers. The measure for when the confrontation of a believer is complete is when they hear (understand) you. Agreement is not the measure. If the believer will not hear you, even when the church is present, then the person has ceased to be a believer. At that point, the church ought to physically do what already spiritually exists: physically put the person out of the church as an unbeliever.
3Take heed to yourselves: if thy brother sin, rebuke him; and if he repent, forgive him.
4And if he sin against thee seven times in the day, and seven times turn again to thee, saying, I repent; thou shalt forgive him.
3Take heed to yourselves: If thy brother trespass against thee, rebuke him; and if he repent, forgive him.
4And if he trespass against thee seven times in a day, and seven times in a day turn again to thee, saying, I repent; thou shalt forgive him.
Commentary
Jesus said to forgive only if the person repented. What was going on here? This seems like a contradiction, doesn't it? If you see a contradiction, you must resolve it if you desire to Think like God. If you do not resolve a contradiction you are thinking as a man. You are pursuing comfort over growth.
Jesus told us to treat believers differently than non-believers. "Brother" meant believer. When nonbelievers abuse you, you are supposed to give and forgive so that you gain reward from them. You can see nonbelievers as "ATM's for spiritual value". It is not our responsibility to save people... it is Jesus'. When it comes to believers, you are supposed to confront them so that they can retain their salvation. If they won't listen to you, you ought to get witnesses. If they still won't listen, they are to be removed from the body of believers for the profitability of all. The believer could still confess and repent at this point in front of the entire church, but it had to get bad before they opened up their eyes. If they hear but don't agree, you aren't supposed to forgive them. Forgiving them would bring judgment that would also affect you because they are still in the body. You ought to hold off on forgiving, which is actually extending mercy to them. Giving them time to repent. If they never repent, you will get your justice at Judgment Day during the reward judgment. However, if you don't confront them, when you get your reward, you will have to answer to that person why you didn't help them equal out justice on earth instead of in heaven. This entire process is for the benefit of the believer who sinned and the profitability of the entire body. We are all unique and value things differently. You could sin against someone because you didn't see what you did as a sin, this is why confrontation is so important. Confrontation is a WHAT, the causes for confrontation are in the HOW/WHY.
Swokowski Bible Commentary on this passage
Commentary · verse 3
Matthew 18:15-17 and this verse are intended to result in more agreement. These verses are intended to be a benefit to the church! Here's how:
- If your brother (another believer) trespasses against you, rebuke (confront) him for his benefit.
- If he repents, forgive him.
This means that if he hears you and does not repent you ought to extend him mercy because he is a fellow believer and believers are all part of the same body (all connected).
Notice, Jesus said we must confront a believer that sins against us. When unbelievers sin against us, we are supposed to instantly forgive so they are judged and we get Rewarded. Notice, we only forgive a believer who hears us if the believer repents. Forgiving the believer who does not repent will result in the believer getting judged, and since we are in community with them, it would result in the community being negatively affected. We ought to be mercy to the believer and let God sort out the situation at Final Judgment with Reward through Justice.
Confronting the person is actually trying to facilitate their repentance now, physically, so they do not lose value to us at Final Judgment, spiritually. From Matthew 18:17, this person could only forfeit their Salvation if they did not hear even when they were confronted in front of the church. These verses were intended to help believers who were falling away as well as resolve misunderstandings that could potentially turn into division.
Commentary · verse 4
Notice, again, we forgive each time as long as the sinning believer repents, not just confesses.
Closing Thoughts
If you are confronting someone for their benefit, out of love, in order to help them retain their salvation you are pursuing truth!
How can you confront someone with love?
You have heard that God is love, and we have learned that God is Right and Just. How is it "loving" of God to wipe out all of those nations as the children of Israel were crossing into the promised land? How is it loving of God to recompense people with death? Is there another contradiction we must resolve?
God alone ought to equal out justice because He is Right and Just. You are not Right and you are not Just. Do you have faith that God is Just and is going to execute justice while also being Right? If you do not believe He is Just, you are going to seek out your own vengeance.